航空煤油模型燃料着火与燃烧机理及其组分变化对燃烧稳定性的影响

航空煤油的成份具有显著的不确定性，从而导致发动机的动力性、经济性、操控性、可靠性难以准确预知。依托“面向发动机的湍流燃烧基础研究”重大研究计划，本项目首先对实际燃料和大分子组份在高压、低温、稀薄条件下的着火延迟、火焰传播、氧化与热解、碳烟排放开展试验与理论研究，揭示他们的低温氧化机制；基于国产航空煤油主要成份和关键理化特性，构建能反应实际燃料着火与燃烧特性的多组份模型燃料，发展经过广泛验证的详细/简化动力学机理。在突扩型模型燃烧室上，揭示航空煤油组份变化对点火、熄火、燃烧不稳定性的影响机理，定量解析不同来流速度、湍流强度、进气温度下燃烧室稳定运行范围，初步探明受限空间内燃料组分—火焰—湍流的复杂耦合关系，创新提出通过燃料组份的实时调制改善点火可靠性、实现燃烧稳定性调控的新方法。本项目的主要研究内容与重大研究计划的总体目标一致，研究成果将为我国航空发动机可控点火和燃烧稳定性调控提供理论支撑。

Due to the uncertainty of the aviation kerosene components, it is unable to accurately predict the power, economy, operability, and reliability of aero engine. Motivated by the key scientific problems of the NSFC Significant Research Project “Fundamental Studies on Engine Related Turbulent Combustion”, this project conducts experimental and theoretical investigations on the ignition delays, flame propagation, oxidation and pyrolysis, and soot formation of real fuels and their large molecular components under high pressure, low temperature, and ultra-lean conditions. The mechanisms of oxidation regime under low-to-medium temperature ranges are revealed. Based on the main ingredient and key physical and chemical properties of the domestic aviation kerosene, this work will establish multi-components surrogate fuels which match the real fuel ignition and combustion characteristics, develop detailed and simplified kinetic mechanism which are widely validated through experimental data. On a gas turbine model combustor (GTMC), the ignition, lean blowout, and combustion instability with the variation of the fuel components will be clarified. Quantitative analysis of stably operating ranges of the GTMC under different flow velocity, turbulence intensity, intake air temperature will be conducted. Moreover, this project try to reveal the complex coupling relationship between the fuel components, flame, and turbulence in a confined space, and then proposed a new method to improve ignition performance and control the combustion stability based on real-time fuel component modulating. The main contents of this project matches well with the overall goal of the NSFC Significant Research Project, and research results will dramatically help to improve the ignition reliability and control the combustion instability for China's aero engine.