碳基材料在能源转化和存储等方面具有广阔的应用前景。随着碳基材料应用领域的拓展和对其作用机理研究的深入，比表面积高、结构稳定、杂原子掺杂的多孔微纳碳基材料逐渐成为人们追求的目标，以期解决能源领域亟待解决的关键材料问题。本项目拟以此为切入点，以生物质尤其是农业废弃物为原料的碳化法（辅以水热处理、冷冻干燥、活化处理、软硬模板）构建非金属杂原子掺杂碳基材料，研究其形貌、制备工艺、微观结构、掺杂类型及其分布和相关科学问题；探索其在碱性燃料电池阴极电催化反应中的应用；利用密度泛函理论研究组成、结构、表面电子状态等对燃料电池阴极氧还原电催化活性的构效关系，为设计和制备高性能的阴极催化剂提供理论依据；建立基于该类掺杂碳基材料的高性能氧还原电催化材料的构筑新技术，旨在开发制备简单、性能稳定、可替代商用 Pt/C 燃料电池阴极氧还原催化剂的非金属碳基材料，为燃料电池在新能源领域的器件化提供近期可实现性。

Carbon-based materials have intrinsic properties associated with a wide spectrum of advanced applications in energy conversion and storage. Micro/nanostructured porous carbon materials with heteroatom doping, large specific surface area, reasonable pore distribution, and stability are believed to be the key for the breakthrough of new energy technology, so it becomes urgent to develop such materials to resolve the current energy crisis. This project is electrochemical function-oriented and focuses on the design and controllable synthesis of micro/nanostructured porous N-doped carbon materials via carbonization technique (combined with hydrothermal treatment, freeze drying, activation treatment, and template) with cheap biomass rich in Nature, especially agricultural wastes, as raw materials. By adjusting the precursors, activation agent, templates, and experimental parameters, we plan to prepare stable materials with large specific surface area, reasonable pore distribution, durability, tunable components and nitrogen species. Through investigating their electrocatalytic performance towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) for fuel cell cathode systems, including activity, stability, torence to CO, and sensitivity to CH3OH, we tend to obtain structural optimization strategies and controllable synthetic routes for target materials with improved ORR elcetrocatalytic performance. Study on the structure-activity relationship of the structure and electrocatalytic performance provides new ideas and theretical basis for developing new potential ORR electrocatalysts, which may promote the fast realization of large-scale application of fuel cells.