非层状过渡金属碳化物基纳米材料的结构调控、储锂性能及机理

非层状过渡金属碳化物具有优秀的离子、电子传导性，是一种具有潜力的储锂材料。但目前关于其作为锂离子电池负极材料的研究还处于初始阶段，在其结构调控、性能优化、储锂/脱锂反应机理等方面缺乏系统、清楚的认识。针对上述问题，本项目拟以有机-无机杂化材料为自模版和前躯体，通过控制自模版的结构和碳化条件，实现对产物金属碳化物晶体结构和纳米组织结构的调控。在此基础上，系统研究结构与界面反应、Li+扩散动力学、电容性等特征的关系及对储锂性能的影响。通过多种移位、原位结构表征技术与电化学测试技术联用，研究非层状过渡金属碳化物的储锂反应和性能衰减机制。通过本项目，将建立较为系统的非层状过渡金属碳化物体系可控合成方法，获得其储锂性能的规律性认识，揭示其储锂机理，并指导进一步优化电极材料结构和提升性能，实现能量密度和功率密度的协调统一。

Non-layered transition metal carbides (NLTMDs) with good ionic conductivity and high electric conductivity are promising Li+ storage materials. However, the research on this material as anode materials for lithium ion batteries has just begun. There lacks systematic knowledge of the structural control, performance optimization and Li+ storage/release mechanisms. In view of such situation, this project plans to use organic-inorganic hybrid materials as self-templates and precursors, through tuning the structures of the self-templates and the carburization conditions, to control the crystalline nature and the microstructures of the resultant NLTMDs. On such basis, the project will systematically study the interface reaction, Li+ diffusion kinetics and capacitive behavior, find out how they relate with the structure and Li+ storage/release performance. The project will further explore the Li+ storage/release mechanisms by combing ex-situ/ in-situ techniques with electroanalytical methods. Through this project, controlled synthesis methodology of the nanostructured NLTMDs will be established, systematic knowledge of their electrochemical performance will be expanded and the Li+ storage/release mechanisms will be revealed. This will be beneficial for the further structure design and performance optimization of the anode materials for the next-generation lithium ion batteries.