异噁草松影响土壤微生物多样性及氮转化的研究

异噁草松在我国多种作物田长期大量使用，然而，异噁草松在土壤中半衰期较长，不但易对后茬作物产生药害，而且异噁草松大量残留易对土壤生态系统安全存在潜在危害，进而影响土壤健康。土壤微生物可以直接反映土壤生态系统的健康状况。本项目以除草剂异噁草松为研究对象，采用室内微宇宙实验和温室盆栽实验相结合，利用多种现代分子生物学技术（定量PCR、T-RFLP、高通量测序）等深入揭示异噁草松对土壤中细菌、真菌、古菌基因丰度及群落多样性的影响，同时还监测土壤NH4+-N和NO3--N浓度变化以及N转化功能微生物氨氧化古菌 （AOA）和氨氧化细菌（AOB）基因丰度及群落多样性的变化。此研究从土壤微生物种群、群落和功能菌群等多个角度阐明异噁草松影响土壤生态安全的微生物学机制，为掌握和预测土壤健康和土壤生态安全提供理论依据。

Clomazone are used a lot in a variety of crop field such as soybean fields, rape field and paddy fields in China. However, clomazone degrades slowly in soils, which caused not only carryover injury to sensitive crops but also potential damaged to the soil ecosystem safety and quality of soil. The changes of microbial diversity directly reflect the health of the soil ecosystem. In this project, herbicide clomazone are selected as the research objects. Mesocosm experiment and greenhouse experiment are conducted to ascertain the impact of clomazone on the soil ecosystem. Modern molecular biology techniques (qPCR, T-RFLP and high throughput sequencing) are employed to investigate the effect of clomazone on abundance and diversity of bacteria, fungi and archaea. And the concentration of NH4+-N and NO3--N are also monitored as well as microbial diversity related N conversion function such as ammonia oxidation archaea (AOA) and the ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB). The project will clarify the microbiology mechanism of herbicide clomazone on soil ecosystem safety by studying the soil microbial populations, community structure and functional microorganisms. It can provide a theoretical basis to master and predict the basic information of soil ecology and soil health.