pinning下二维胶体体系熔化的结构及动力学的实验研究

软物质的结构和动力学是软凝聚态物理领域的重要课题之一。本项目选用典型的软物质-胶体体系，采用数字摄像显微技术以及粒子跟踪技术，从实验上研究pinning下二维胶体粒子熔化过程中的结构及动力学。研究的主体思想是：在单分散体系的熔化过程中加入pinning粒子，利用数字摄像显微技术对不同二维样品进行观察和录像，通过对拍摄的录像数据进行图像处理，并使用粒子跟踪技术来得到体系中所有胶体粒子实时的位置关系，计算出体系中包括径向分布函数、均方位移、两点自相关函数以及四点极化率等在内的结构和动力学参量，从而探究pinning下胶体熔化过程的结构、动力学及二者之间的关联性。本项目的研究揭示了pinning下二维胶体熔化相行为的演化规律和内在本质，为以后设计材料结构和优化材料性能起到了指导作用。

The structure and dynamics of soft material is one of the most important subjects. This project applies colloidal system which is a typical soft material to study structure and dynamics of melting in 2D colloidal system under pinning, by using digital video microscopy and particle tracking technique. The main research idea is: the experiments are achieved by adding random pinning particles in the monodispherse system. The motion of the particles can be observed though a modern optical microscopy and recorded by a video microscopy. Using particle tracking technique, we process the video to get the positions of all particles in real time, and then calculate the structural and dynamical parameters of the system, such as, radial distribution function, mean square displacement, two-point self-correlation function, four-point susceptibility and so on. So we can explore the structure, dynamics and their relationship of colloidal melting under pinning. This project not only reveals the evolvement rules and intrinsic nature of 2D melting under pinning, but also provides guidance for design and optimization of material.