濒危药用植物羌活(Notopterygium incisum)地下部分发育对生境特征因子的响应

羌活是我国最早应用的中国特有高原濒危野生药用植物之一，入方中藏成药二百余种，入药部分包括根茎（蚕羌、竹节羌和头羌）与根（条羌），是传统上区分药材质量的主要指标，以短缩直立根茎的蚕羌为优，目前仅产自野生资源。引种研究显示栽培环境下羌活根茎部位发育不足，须根多，相关基础研究欠缺制约优质羌活人工种植技术开发。本项目拟在长期对羌活资源生态与田间实验基础上，针对土表覆盖条件、土壤养分特征、土壤水分特征以及低温季节冻融交替格局等栽培条件下主要环境影响因子，设置不同因子和水平组合的定位实验，在原位观测、定期采样进行组织解剖学观察、土壤与植物样品的化学与生理生化等多种现代研究方法与技术分析的基础上，通过典型相关分析与对应分析等现代数理统计手段，揭示羌活地下部分发育规律及主要影响因子，确定其地下部分发育的环境因子与药用部位营养元素及特征次生产物间的定量关系，为羌活及同类根茎类药材人工栽培品质调控提供理论依据

Notopterygium incisum is one of the most early and commonly used endangered medicinal plants in traditional Chinese medicine (Rhizoma seu Radix Notopterygii in TCM), and used in more than 200 Chinese patent drugs. The difference of underground parts, used for medicine including rhizome (Silkworm-like part and bamboo-like part) and root (head-like part and theoxtail-like part), is considered as the most decisive morphological indicator on quality and price of the medicinal materials, and the silkworm-like part of rhizome is regarded as products with the best quality traditionally. However, poor taproot development and massive fibrous root reduced products quality morphologically in artificial cultivation. Shoot-root differentiation were not realized because of lack of research on the development processes and their influencing factors of N. incisum,which restricts to promote artificial cultivation at a large scale due to difficulty in producing high-quality products. Based on the results of long-term field investigation of N. incisum, we design field and laboratory control experiments involving major impacting environmental factors, i.e., soil surface cover, soil composition, soil moisture, and soil freeze-thaw patterns during cold season at alpine zone, to examine the related intrinsic and environmental impacting factors on different underground part development through observation and monitoring on-site, tissue anatomical observation, intrinsic hormones and key resiting enzymes, nutrition elements and specialized secondary metabolites determination of dated sampling soil and plant,and to determine the quantitative relationships between environmental and intrinsic factors and differentiation of different part (axial root,lateral root, and rhizome) of root system by canonical correlation analysis and correspondence analysis.The studies would be useful to elucidate theoretical basis for quality regulation of N. incisum, and also to promote artificial cultivation for similar rhizomatous herbs cultivation.