微波辐射硬岩弱化机制及辅助破岩调控理论研究

微波辅助破岩是一种新兴辅助破岩技术，在隧道(洞)开挖、矿产开采、能源储备及核废料处置等工程中均存在重大技术需求。因缺乏对本质科学问题和辅助破岩调控理论研究，该技术仍未得到广泛应用。本项目拟从矿物组成、细观结构等最根本因素入手，强调微波辐射强度、时长等与辅助破岩调控理论密切相关重要因素，系统开展岩石微波辐射试验、细观结构显微测试以及力学特性测试，研究矿物组成、结构等对微波辐射效果影响的宏观规律，揭示微波辐射导致岩石组成相变、细观结构演化以及强度弱化的机理；研究辐射强度、辐射时长等调控因素对微波辐射效果的影响规律，阐明各调控因素的调控效果；通过细观数值建模研究微波辐射中电磁场、温度场、应力场以及微裂纹演化规律，从细观层面揭示弱化机理；并基于电磁学、热力学及损伤岩体力学等建立岩石微波辐射演化方程。可为微波辅助破岩技术设备研发、新工法创立提供理论依据，对推动微波辅助破岩技术实用化有着重要的意义。

Microwave-assisted breakage, a rapid and efficient excavation method without blasting, is in great demand in mining, energy reserve, nuclear waste disposal and earth penetrator missile. By considering the mineral composition, microstructure, lithology, irradiation intensity, irradiation time, and irradiation interval, the series of lab experiments of microwave irradiation, strength test, SEM test will be carried out to explore the influence of the mineral composition, microstructure, and lithology on rock strength after microwave irradiation. The development of electromagnetic field, temperature, stress field, and micro-cracks in rock are studied by means of numerical method to uncover the mesomechanism of rock damage during microwave irradiation; the strength evolution equation of rock under microwave irradiation will be induced via the principal formulation of electromagnetics, thermodynamics, rock mass mechanics. The results will provide the theory to develop of the microwave-assisted breakage equipment and new excavation method, be beneficial to make the microwave-assisted breakage excavation into practice.