聚乙烯醇基聚合物活性凝胶电解质在超级电容器中的研究

以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为基体材料，通过接枝丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸，或与聚丙烯酰胺类聚合物球磨共混对其进行力学和电化学性能改性，制备力学性能好、电导率高的聚乙烯醇基聚合物；采用溶液浇铸法将活性介质(蒽醌类化合物)掺杂到凝胶电解质中，制备具有氧化还原活性的超级电容器用聚合物活性凝胶电解质。研究聚合物的结构、组成对电解质的粘度、弯曲、压缩、拉伸等机械性能影响，蒽醌类化合物结构、用量对电解质离子电导率，超级电容器比电容，能量密度，循环稳定性，自放电等的影响。阐明影响聚合物凝胶机械性能和导电性的因素，聚合物凝胶与蒽醌类化合物之间的相互作用，电荷在聚合物凝胶中运动机理，蒽醌类化合物结构对活性聚合物凝胶电解质性能的影响规律。解决聚合物凝胶电解质机械性能差，离子电导率低，超级电容器能量密度小、自放电等问题。制备系列性能优异的柔性超级电容器，拓宽电容器的应用领域，节约石油资源，改善日益严重的能源、环境问题。

The polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based polymer with good mechanics properties, high electrical conductivity can be prepared by grafting acrylamide, acrylic acid or ball mill blending polyacrylamide polymers using polyvinyl alcohol as raw materials, and a redox mediat polymer gel electrolyte can also be prepaed by doping redox mediat (anthraquinone compounds) using solution casting method. The polymer gel electrolyte properties such as viscosity, bending, compressing, stretching which can be effect by the structure and composition of the polymer will be studied, the affect about the structure and amount of the anthraquinone compounds on the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte, supercapacitor capacitance, energy density, cycle stability, and self-discharge will also be studied. The factors which affect the polymer gel mechanical properties and conductivity, the interaction between the polymer gel and anthraquinone compounds, charge movement mechanism in the polymer gel and the structure of the anthraquinone compounds that can affect the performance of the polymer gel electrolyte will be clarified. Poor mechanical properties, low ionic conductivity of the polymer gel electrolyte, and low capacitor and self-discharge performance of the supercapacitor will be solved. A series of excellent performance flexible supercapacitors can be prepared, which can broaden the applications of supercapacitor, saving oil resources, improve the increasingly serious energy and environmental problems.