水汽输送和局地环境对青藏高原云降水过程影响机制的研究

青藏高原在夏季是一个巨大的热源，同时其高耸的地形对西风气流具有阻挡作用。这对亚洲季风环流的形成和维持都有重要影响。同时，高原在夏季还是一个水汽的汇，其水汽主要来源于南部的输送。同时，高原还可以向下游地区进行水汽输送并影响其云降水过程。在这些过程中，大尺度环流影响着印度洋-高原的水汽输送并影响着高原云降水过程，而高原云降水过程是高原-下游的水汽输送的重要环节。但现阶段，对高原云降水物理过程与这些过程联系及其影响的认识仍需要进一步提高。本项目将围绕着高原云降水系统，从水汽输送、局地环境等综合考虑：在不同条件下高原云降水物理过程的演变特征及其对局地能量和水文循环的影响； 利用云分辨模式和天气尺度模式讨论在高原特殊条件下的对流云系的生消机制（如夜间对流等）。这将有助于揭示水汽输送和局地热力条件影响高原云降水物理过程的机制，深入理解高原云降水过程在局地能量水文循环和水汽“中转站”中的作用。

The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is a great heating source in summer and imposes a blocking effect on the west flow due to its extremely high and huge topography, which affects the onset and maintenance of the Asia monsoon system. Meanwhile, the TP is a moisture sink in summer and the moisture is mostly transported from the south. Moreover, moisture can be transported from the TP to the downstream and affect the weather and climate of the downstream. During these processes, the moisture transport associated with the large-scale circulation affects the generation and development of cloud and precipitation, and the cloud plays an important role in the moisture transport between the TP and downstream. However, the knowledge about the key factors and mechanism for the trigger and development of the TP cloud and precipitation still need to be improved. The mechanism that how the TP cloud affects the moisture transport between the TP and downstream is not clear. This project will focus on the cloud and precipitation over the TP. Moisture transported from the south, local environment and their relative importance are considered to affect the evolution of cloud and precipitation, and the local energy and water cycle. Moreover, the cloud-resolving model and WRF with a detailed bin microphysical scheme will be used to investigate the development mechanism of the cloud and precipitation (nocturnal convection). This will be a benefit to understand the mechanism that the effects of the transported moisture and local heating on the cloud and precipitation, and improve the knowledge about the cloud role in the local water cycle and moisture transport between the TP and downstream.