川西平原人为排放对青藏高原东坡气溶胶污染影响的观测和模拟研究

青藏高原气溶胶污染受周边高排放区域影响显著。在高原“热泵”驱动下，南亚地区排放的污染物、塔克拉玛干沙漠的沙尘可翻越南、北坡到达高原内陆区域，进而影响其脆弱的生态环境。然而，目前对高原东部气溶胶长期监测较少，很少有研究关注高原东坡气溶胶理化特性、来源和区域传输，基于此，提出一个科学问题：川西平原人为排放对高原东坡气溶胶污染究竟有何影响？本申请项目拟基于建立的川西地区梯度分布的气溶胶监测点，分析PM1理化特性，依据扫描电镜观测的单颗粒三维形貌特征和化学成分数据，结合PMF受体模型量化各类源对不同海拔高度PM1的贡献，利用在线耦合模式WRF-HYSPLIT确定各站点PM1潜在源区，结合川西平原大气扩散条件，评估其人为排放对高原东坡气溶胶污染的影响。研究成果将加深对青藏高原气溶胶来源的认知，为高原气候环境研究及生态环境治理、盆地地形大气污染防治等工作提供科学技术支撑，具有重要的科学意义和应用价值。

Aerosol pollution over Tibetan Plateau (TP) is largely impacted by surrounding regions with highly primary emissions. The air pollutants from South Asia and dust plumes from Taklimakan Desert can climb along the south and north slopes and reach inland TP to influence fragile ecology and environment on TP. However, long-term and continuous aerosol measurements at eastern part of TP are scarce, and less studies focus on physicochemical characteristics, source apportionment and regional transport of aerosols at eastern slope of TP (ESTP). Thus, a scientific problem is raised: what is the impact of anthropogenic emissions at Western Sichuan Plain (WSP) on aerosol pollution at ESTP? Based on founded gradient distributed aerosol measurement network at West Sichuan (AMNWS), this project will analyze PM1 physicochemical characteristics, and quantify the contributions of each source to PM1 at different altitudes with three-dimensional morphology of single particles and chemical compositions and PMF receptor model. PM1 potential source regions will be identified at each site using online coupled model of WRF-HYSPLIT. Combined PM1 origins and potential source regions at varying altitudes from WSP to ESTP and atmospheric diffusion and dilution conditions at WSP, the effect of WSP anthropogenic emissions on aerosol pollution at ESTP will be evaluated. The results will deepen the understanding of aerosol origins over Tibetan Plateau, and provide scientific and technological support for studies of climate and environment and management of eco-environment on Tibetan Plateau, and air pollution controls at the basin terrain, which has important significance for science and application.