基于LHAASO实验从高能暂现源中寻找TeV电子中微子

高能暂现源，包括伽玛射线暴、超新星，以及耀变体等等，是潜在的高能宇宙线的起源天体。中微子由于不带电和穿透性强，是四种传统信使中绝佳的宇宙线起源研究信使。对于大天顶角的水平空气簇射，大气吸收能有效地屏蔽掉其中的电磁成分，而剩下的主要是中微子和缪子。宇宙线缪子本底能用地下繆子探测器进行排除。这给我们提供了一个利用水平空气簇射事例探测高能电子中微子的手段。本项目拟利用LHAASO的高海拔、宽视场、全天候和多参数联合观测的特点，借鉴ARGO-YBJ实验（有效面积仅1万平米，探测手段为单一的电磁粒子探测器）中开发的水平空气簇射事例测量技术，建立和发展用LHAASO搜寻在时间和方向上与已知暂现源成协的TeV电子中微子信号的方法，进而对这些天体的物理性质进行限制，并对高能宇宙线起源天体进行甄别。

High-energy transients, including gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), supernovae, and blazars, are potential sources of high-energy cosmic rays. Neutrinos are penetrating neutral particles, and among the four traditional messengers, they may be the best probe of the origin of cosmic rays. .Horizontal air showers (HAS) are initiated by deeply penetrating high energy particles such as muons and neutrinos. Indeed, at large zenith angles the electromagnetic component of ordinary air showers is attenuated by the atmosphere well before reaching the ground level. The showers with significant muon component could be further rejected by underground muon detector. This provides a method to search neutrinos from HAS. ARGO-YBJ experiment, with electromagnetic particle detectors only, has ever tried to search neutrinos associated with GRBs from HAS events. The LHAASO experiment has a large array of both electromagnetic particle detectors and underground muon detectors. In 100 TeV energy region it will become the most sensitive experiment for detecting gamma rays. The goal of this work is to establish and develop a method for searching TeV electronic neutrinos associated with astrophysical transients with LHAASO experiment, by looking at HAS induced by the charged current (CC) interaction of these neutrinos with the air nuclei. .This study can be crucial to constrain the physics of the related objects, and to identify the sources of the high-energy cosmic rays. In particular, this technique could represent a complementary methodology to search with large area arrays for electronic neutrinos associated to buried GRB jets which are predicted to generate a soft neutrino spectrum with a fluence at TeV energies a few orders of magnitude greater than that characterizing the GRBs observed in gamma-rays.