中国小皮伞属的分子系统学研究

小皮伞属真菌是一大类世界广布性腐生担子菌，该属的研究具有重要的社会、经济和生态意义。皮伞状真菌种类众多且形态特征丰富多变，使得属与属之间及属下各分类单元之间的分类界限、定义和范围都还存在分歧，单以形态学为主的传统分类学方法很难解决该属存在的分类学问题。世界范围内很多地区都对小皮伞属有过系统性的调查与分子系统学的研究，中国小皮伞属物种多样性非常丰富，但我国对该属的系统认识却十分欠缺，基因库中来自中国材料的数据很少，我国小皮伞属的分子系统学研究尚未系统开展。本项目拟在全国范围内大量补充取样测序的基础上，通过多基因片段的联合矩阵分析对该属进行分子系统学研究，完善或重建小皮伞属的系统发育关系，提出更自然合理的分类系统和形态划分依据，明确属内各分类单元的系统发育位置。本研究将丰富世界小皮伞属基因库数据，将对伞菌目的系统研究起到重要推动作用，也将为该属相关产业的发展提供研究基础。

The genus Marasmius is a large world-widely distributed group of saprophytic fungi, and it obviously has social, economic and ecological values. The marasmioid fungi are numerous and various in morphological characteristics, which led to disagreements over the definition of genus classification. Traditional taxonomy based only on morphological observations is difficult to completely solve the taxonomic problems of this genus. Intensive investigations and molecular phylogeny studies on Marasmius have been conducted in many other regions around the world. China is very rich in marasmioid fungi, however, related phylogenetic studies are still insufficient. There is very little data from Chinese materials in GenBank, the molecular phylogeny of Marasmius as a whole genus in China has not been carried out systematically. This project intends to reconstruct or consummate the molecular phylogeny based on multi-gene datasets after obtaining supplementary samples in China. The goal is to present the more actual and reasonable classification system, reveal the infrageneric relationships among different taxa within this genus. The results will enrich the GenBank database from China, which can play an important role in promoting the systematic research of Agaricales, and provide the research basis for the development of related industries.