中美科技脱钩：构建脱钩的测度及评估脱钩对企业创新的影响

随着中美两国相互竞争的不断加剧以及相互信任程度的不断衰减，中美两国在科技领域的发展逐渐呈现出“脱钩”的迹象。面对越来越多的中国企业（如华为技术有限公司）、大学（如哈尔滨工业大学）被美国列入“实体清单”加以制裁，我国正面临中美两国在科技领域“脱钩”日益严峻的挑战。有鉴于此，本项目将构建对中美科技脱钩程度的精准测度，并评估科技脱钩带来的经济影响。本项目将中美两国的专利数据加以联通，通过对中美两国专利的相互引证倾向进行正交分解，来构建对中美科技脱钩程度的测度。基于该脱钩测度，本项目将研究中美科技脱钩对中美两国企业的创新活动以及经营绩效的影响，并比较对中美两国企业影响的异同。在产业政策方面，本项目将评估下述两项政策对于中美科技脱钩的影响：我国对于战略新兴产业的扶持政策，以及美国通过其“实体清单”实施的对华经济制裁。本项目将为我国关于中美科技脱钩的相关决策提供政策参考。

As more and more Chinese enterprises (such as Huawei Technology Co., Ltd.) and universities (such as Harbin Institute of Technology) were sanctioned by the United States, China is confronted with the increasingly severe challenge of technology “decoupling” with the United States. This project will create a measure to gauge the degree of US-China technology decoupling and evaluate its economic impact. Combining patent data from the Chinese and U.S. patent offices, this project will construct a measure of US-China technology decoupling based on patent citations between the two countries. Based on this decoupling measure, this project will study how US-China technology decoupling affects the innovating activities and business performance of Chinese enterprises and their U.S. counterparts. In terms of industrial policy, this project will assess the impact of two major policies on US-China technology decoupling: China’s industrial policy to promote its strategic emerging industries, and U.S. sanctions on Chinese entities via its “entity list.” This project will provide a reference for public policies concerning US-China technology decoupling.