水稻化感作用是抗杂草胁迫的重要遗传生态学现象，对稻田杂草生态管理具有重要意义。野生稻种资源的遗传多样性及其较强的抗杂草能力，是发掘和利用化感性状的重要基因库。然而，化感作用基因型与化感物质组分的关系及其调控机制一直不清楚。项目前期研究已明确长雄野生稻（Oryza longistaminata）遗传背景的化感作用表型和目标性状植株，并将3个化感作用QTL定位在遗传连锁图上。在此基础上，本项目首先对携带化感QTLs的植株结合已定位标记反复回交到栽培稻；其次，对QTLs的植株反复回交过程的中选材料，采用GC-MS和HPLC分析比较根系分泌物的化感物质组分；最后，采用RNAseq测序研究比较水稻根系化感基因的表达差异。研究结果将探明野生稻化感作用基因型与化感物质组分及其表型的关联性，在表观水平阐释野生稻化感数量性状转移到栽培稻的分子遗传机理，并为化感作用QTL精细定位和分子辅助选择奠定基础。

Rice Allelopathy is an important genetic ecology phenomenon of resistance to weeds , which is of great significance to the ecological management weeds. The genetic diversity of wild rice germplasm and its prominent resistance to weed were important gene pools for the exploitation and utilization of allelopathy. However, the relationship of allelopathic genotype with allelochemicals and the regulation mechanism have not been clear. After the National Natural Science Foundation Project of China completed recently, the genetic background and allelopathic individuals in the F2 population of Oryza Longistaminata / Oryza sativa have been identified, and the QTL locus associated with allelopthic traits were located on 1, 2 and 11 chromosomes. On the basis, this project first repeated backcross the allelopathic QTLs to Asian cultivated rice, and every time backcross combined with the molecular assisted selection (MAS) of located marker. Secondly, the allelochemical components of the root exudates were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by GC-MS and HPLC techniques in the process of molecular assisted selection. Finally, these gene expression characteristics and results of allelopathic genes in rice root system will be detected and analyzed by RNAseq sequencing. The results of the study will explore the association of allelopathic genotypes with allelochemicals and their phenotypes in this wild rice germplasm. This project will explain the molecular genetic mechanism of the quantitative characters of the wild rice allelopathy to the cultivated rice at the apparent level, and to lay the foundation for the fine localization and molecular selection of allelopathic QTL, for promoting genetic improvement of modern cultivated rice to increase weed-suppression ability.