锂电池电极的形态结构控制及物理性能的研究

高比能量电池的研究开发中迫切需要对合金负极的电化学结晶和溶解机理有深刻的理解，抑制枝晶生长，提升电池安全性。本项目以锂电池电极材料作为研究对象，利用超薄电化学沉积和模板辅助技术，研究超薄电化学生长系统中金属锂枝晶的沉积行为，从实验和理论两方面深入研究金属锂生长的基本规律，寻找抑制负极上金属锂枝晶生长的有效方法；通过超薄电化学沉积和飞秒脉冲激光双光子聚合三维直写技术设计与制备若干新型三维微纳结构，优化锂电池电极材料的三维纳米构型，实现循环性能优良的稳定的电极结构；通过金属三维微纳结构的设计和优化，增加锂离子在材料中的嵌入率和脱嵌率，实现锂电池较高的比容量和充放电速率；通过电压/电流调控实现电化学沉积形貌的控制，优化锂电池充电策略。这一项目的实施有助于实现安全高效长寿命的锂电池蓄能技术，为能源领域提供技术支持。

This project deals with the morphology, structure and functionality of electrode material for lithium batteries. With ultra-thin-film electrochemical deposition system and template- assisted growth technology, we study the growth behavior of lithium dendrite and try to find out efficient ways to suppress dendritic growth; with ultra-thin electrochemical deposition approach and two-photon-absorption photo-polymerization we plan to fabricate several 3D microstructured electrodes, increase insertion/extraction rate of lithium ions in electrode materials, and optimize the gravimetric energy density and charge-discharge rate of the battery. The project also deals with the relationship between the wave profile in charging process and the deposition morphology on the electrode, so as to optimize the charging process of the battery. With this project we expect to contribute for lithium battery researches with safer, longer working-time, and more efficient electrode materials