充分利用植物天然免疫系统抵御病原入侵，对推进绿色农业可持续发展具有潜在应用前景。稻瘟病菌分泌一类序列一致性低、结构同源性高的效应因子（MAX-effectors），通过调整互作核心界面、关键残基及分子间互作力等，与结构保守的受体（HMA-ID）结合，诱导水稻抗性。因此，针对这类效应蛋白开展多靶点人工设计，对增强受体识别、激活寄主抗性具有重要意义。.本项目以已报道的水稻受体与稻瘟病菌效应蛋白（HMA-ID/MAX-effectors）复合物晶体结构为研究对象，分析影响效应蛋白互作的关键残基，并开展以下研究：（1）多靶点效应蛋白的人工设计与功能分析；（2）解析多靶点效应蛋白与受体互作的结构基础；（3）分析多靶点效应蛋白关键区域及其诱抗活性。这些研究有助于充分激发水稻天然免疫系统抵御病原菌的能力，为基于多靶点效应蛋白开发环境友好、广谱诱导寄主抗稻瘟病的新型植物免疫诱抗剂提供候选材料和理论基础。

Making full use of plant innate immune system to resist the pathogen invasion has potential application prospect for promoting sustainable development of green agriculture. Rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe oryzae) secretes a family of sequence-unrelated but structurally conserved effectors known as the MAX-effectors (M. Avrs and ToxB like). These MAX-effectors bind to structural conserved receptors (HMA-ID) by regulating the core binding interface, key residues and intermolecular interactions to trigger rice immune responses. Therefore, it is of great significance for enhancing host resistance by artificial engineering of MAX-effectors with multiple targets to bind to receptors..In this proposal, we will focus on the crystal structures of the rice receptors in complex with the target effectors (HMA-ID/MAX-effectors), and analyze the key residues affecting interaction. The following studies are proposed in this project: (1) the artificial design and functional analysis of multi-target effector proteins interacting with receptors; (2) the determination of structural basis of the interaction between multi-target effector proteins and receptors; (3) the investigation of biological activity in inducing host resistance of the key domain of multi-target effector. The results will fully activate the the rice innate immune system to resist pathogens, and will provide candidate materials and theoretical basis for the development of new environment-friendly plant immunity inducer with broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast.