亚热带室外高温作业环境下的人体热应激适应机制与预测研究

亚热带室外高温作业环境具有高温、高湿和强热辐等多因素影响的多场耦合特征。多重热因素对人体的叠加刺激及作业高代谢率使得人体产热增多、蒸发散热降低、热堆积加重，从而严重加剧人体热应激，危害室外高温作业人群的健康安全和工作效率。为了保护室外高温作业人群的热安全，本项目将研究亚热带室外高温作业人群的热应激适应机制与预测。具体研究内容包括：亚热带室外高温作业环境多场耦合特征解析；高温作业环境人体心理反应和生理响应适应性机理探索；典型热应激评价指标的适应性评估；人体热应激动态预测模型研发进而提出亚热带室外高温环境作业人群的热安全评价方法、及热安全防护措施。本项目的顺利开展将为营造健康安全的亚热带室外高温环境和发展我国热安全相关标准提供理论依据和技术支撑。

The outdoor working environment in subtropics is featured by a couple of high temperature, large relative humidity, and strong thermal radiation. The accumulative thermal stimuli of the three thermal parameters and the large metabolic rate of working activities significantly enhance the heat store in the human body by increasing and decreasing the body heat generation and evaporative heat loss, respectively. This aggravates the heat strain and does damage to the health and safety of outdoor workers. To provide thermal safety to outdoor workers, this proposal proposes to investigate the adaptation mechanisms and the prediction of the thermal strain of subtropical outdoor workers. The proposed investigations includes analyzing the characteristics of the couple of high temperature, large relative humidity, and strong thermal radiation in subtropical outdoor working environment; exploring the adaptation mechanisms of psychological and physiological responses of outdoor workers; evaluating the adaptations of the classical indicators of the thermal strain; developing a model for the dynamical prediction of heat strain; studying the adaptations of the measures for thermal safety. This proposal will output an evaluation method of thermal safety for subtropical outdoor workers, and the effective measures for their thermal safety. These outputs will contribute to creating healthy and safe outdoor working environment in subtropics and improving the thermal-safety-related national standards theoretically and technologically.