新型胶束自组装荧光探针及其检测重金属离子的性能与机制

荧光探针由于能实现对待测物质的快速高效检测，一直是水体重金属检测领域的研究热点。其中胶束自组装型荧光探针由于具有结构简单、性能改进便捷等诸多优点，近年来逐步受到重视。但目前该类探针所用受体的化学修饰性较弱，制约了其检测对象的多样化和检测性能的改进。本项目拟选用具有优秀重金属离子识别特性和较强化学修饰性的硫杂杯[4]芳烃类分子受体，设计制备针对重金属离子的新型胶束自组装荧光探针，重点考察新型胶束自组装荧光探针对重金属离子的选择性检测性能，阐明新型荧光探针的组成结构与重金属检测性能之间的构效关系和规律，揭示各条件因素对检测性能的影响规律，探索降低和消除检测干扰的有效方法和手段，采用量子化学计算方法，研究新型胶束自组装荧光探针检测重金属离子过程中的动力学和热力学性质及探针荧光淬灭的光物理机制，并探讨新型荧光探针的荧光信号响应微观机制，以期为基于荧光分析法的水体重金属检测提供新的材料、方法和理论。

Fluorescent chemosensors have become a research hot spot in the field of heavy metal ion detection for their capability in rapid and efficient detection of matter. The self-organized chemosensors based on micelle template have attracted much attentions because they have many advantages, such as simple structure,convenience in improvement of measuring capability,etc. However, it is difficult to improve the measuring capacity and achieve versatilization of analytes of these fluorescent chemosensors because the modification capability of those used receptors are not satisfied. In this applying project thiacalix[4]arenes will be chosen as the receptors to prepare novel micellar self-assembled fluorescent chemosensors because of their excellent recognition for heavy metal ions and ease of modification. More efforts will be put on the investigation of capability and influence factors of heavy metal ion detection by these novel fluorescent chemosensors, the relationship between structure and measuring capability of the fluorescent chemosensors, the fluorescent signal responding mechanism of the fluorescent chemosensors, and the methods and solutions for the elimination of interferences in measurement.The kinetic, thermodynamic properties and the fluorescence-quenched mechanism of novel micellar self-organized fluorescent chemosensor will also be investigated by quantum chemistry calculation. It is expected that this research will provide new materials, methods and theories for the heavy metal ion detection based on the fluorescent spectrophotometric method.