低共熔溶剂中合成Sn（IV）基和Sb（III）基硫属化物微孔材料和离子交换性能研究

硫属微孔化合物中的S2-、Se2-离子具有软路易斯碱性，对Rb+、Cs+等软路易斯酸性的碱金属离子有高的亲和力，且硫属化物框架结构具有灵活的柔变性，是一类值得开发的离子交换剂。本项目拟利用绿色、多功能的低共熔溶剂（deep eutectic solvents；DESs）作为反应介质，以溶剂中固有的有机胺阳离子为模板剂，在离子热条件下合成具有微孔结构的Sn（IV）基、Sb（III）基或Sn（IV）/Sb（III）异金属硫属化物微孔材料。总结合成的条件与规律，重点考察DESs的组成及物理性质、金属离子的配位特点对产物的晶体结构、化学组成等方面的影响。研究微孔材料交换Rb+、Cs+等离子的性能，深入探讨构-效关系，分析孔道的结构、有机胺阳离子的尺寸和构型对材料交换容量和选择性的影响。目的是通过调节溶剂和无机组分，优化材料的微孔结构及其离子交换性能。

The chalcogenide porous materials have emerged as a type of potential ion-exchangers for the soft acidic Rb+ and Cs+ ions, owing to the soft Lewis basic character of the S2- and Se2- ions, coupled with the structural flexibility of the framework. This project is to develop the ionothermal method, utilizing the green, versatile deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as the media, for the synthesis of porous Sn(IV), Sb(III) or mixed Sn(IV)/Sb(III) chalcogenides with cationic amine templates that originate from the DESs. Upon summarizing the synthetic rules, the emphases of this research proposal will focus on the influence of the DES constitutes and the coordination characteristics of metal centers on the overall crystal structure as well as the composition of the products. The ion-exchange towards Rb+ and Cs+ cations will be performed on the porous materials. Upon analysing the effects of channel architecture, amine size and conformation on the ion-exchange performance, such as the exchange capacity and selectivity, we intend to build up the structure-function relationship. Through changing the DESs and inorganic reagents, we aim at optimizing the porous structures of the materials as well as their Rb+ and Cs+ ion-exchange capabilities.