伽玛射线暴在宇宙学和基础物理学中的应用

伽玛射线暴(简称伽玛暴) 是当今天体物理领域的研究热点之一。作为宇宙中最为剧烈的爆发现象，伽玛暴可在很高的红移处被探测到，目前已测得最高红移达8.2，表明伽玛暴是研究高红移宇宙学的有效探针。本项目将详细研究探讨伽玛暴在宇宙学和基础物理学领域当中的诸多应用，包括：（a）伽玛暴宇宙学的研究，如经验光度关系的发现或验证，限制高红移恒星形成历史，探讨暗物质晕中的恒星形成过程，伽玛暴揭示第一代恒星性质的可能性,等等；（b）探测高红移伽玛暴已成为下一代伽玛暴卫星的重要科学目标之一，我们将着重围绕我国未来空间卫星的观测性能进行科学模拟，预言其对高红移伽玛暴的探测前景，为卫星的后续建设提供重要的科学依据；（c）利用伽玛暴与IceCube中微子的可能成协事件，限制中微子速度、量子引力模型和爱因斯坦广义相对论中的弱等效原理假设。

Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) is one of the hottest research fields in astrophysics. As the most powerful explosions in the cosmos, they can be detected out to very high redshifts. To date, the farthest burst detected is GRB 090423 at z=8.2. GRBs are therefore considered as an ideal tool for probing the high-redshift Universe. In this project, we will systematically study many applications of GRBs in cosmology and fundamental physics. (a) For GRB cosmology, we will concentrate on carrying out the statistical analysis of the observational data, testing (searching for) the existing (new) luminosity correlations, constraining the high-redshift star formation history， probing star formation in dark matter halos, revealing the properties of first star, etc. (b) The detection of high-redshift GRBs is one of the main goals driving the design of the next GRB missions. We will explore the observation strategy and detection rate for high-redshift GRBs, based on the future space satellite in our country. (c) With the possible associations of IceCube neutrinos with GRBs, we will use the flight time differences between the neutrinos and the GRB photons to constrain the neutrino velocity, the quantum gravity models, and the Einstein Equivalence Principle.