系列尺度结构面模型及其相似性研究

结构面抗剪强度直剪试验是破坏性试验，无法实现在同一个原岩结构面上完成不同尺度的直剪试验。研制能够代表不同尺度的结构面相似模型，是解决当前利用模型试验研究结构面抗剪强度尺寸效应机理的瓶颈和难点。本项目根据概率取样原理，结合结构面表面形态分布规律，建立系列尺度结构面模型代表性取样方法；基于结构面抗剪强度机制及相似理论，通过相似材料配比敏感性试验，获得主要物理力学参数与原岩近似一致的相似材料；利用自制的多尺度试样模具，通过逆向控制技术，得到与原岩表面形态相近的系列尺度结构面模型；运用三维扫描技术、仿真技术和直剪试验等手段检验模型的相似性，建立结构面模型相似性评价方法，并进一步完善结构面相似模型，以替代原岩结构面进行系列尺度抗剪强度直剪试验，为岩体结构面抗剪强度尺寸效应机理研究提供有效手段。

The shear strength direct shear test of structural plane is destructive; therefore, it is impossible to accomplish the direct shear tests on one natural rock joint in different scales. Developing serail scales structural plane models is the key to study structural plane shear strength scale effect mechanism by simulation test. This project is based on the ratio sampling principle, combined with the distribution of structural plane surface morphology, and the representative sampling method in different scales of structural plane models is established. Based on the shear strength mechanism and similarity theory of structural plane, through matching sensitivity test of similar materials, a new type of similar material with the same physical and mechanical parameter to the natural rock joint is developed. Adopt self-developed multi-scale molds, and the serial scales structural plane models with similar surface morphology are developed by inverse controlling technology. Check the similarity of models through the methods such as 3D scan technique, simulation technique and direct shear test etc... The model similarity evaluation method is established, and the similar model is further improved, which can replace the natural rock joints to do serial scales shear strength direct test and provide effective means to study on the shear strength scale effect mechanism.