红菇属真菌是一类重要的外生菌根真菌，具有重要的生态和经济价值。现今，全球范围内红菇属的分类及系统发育研究已取得一定的进展，然而，已有研究中亚洲物种取样严重缺失，致使红菇属内类群间的亲缘关系仍不完全清晰，生物地理学研究也进展缓慢，未有形成普遍认可的起源演化假说。本项目拟以国内收集的大量红菇标本为材料，基于ITS、nLSU、mtSSU、RPB1、RPB2和EF1-α等多基因序列，结合GenBank中全球红菇物种数据，开展更全面的红菇属系统发育分析和生物地理学研究，旨在更清晰的揭示红菇属内类群系统发育关系，估算全球范围内红菇属真菌的起源和分化时间，推断其最可能的祖先分布区域和物种传播路径，分析地质活动、气候变化及共生植物改变等因素对其传播分化可能造成的影响。项目研究结果将是对我国乃至全球红菇真菌分类的重要补充，也是对红菇属起源和演化的重要论证，将为红菇属真菌的合理开发和可持续利用提供理论支撑。

The genus Russula is a kind of ectomycorrhizal fungi, with important ecological and economic value. Nowadays, there are a series of studies on the classification and phylogeny of Russula around the world. However, the phylogeny is still not well studied and less research on biogeography of Russula has been done because of a serious lack of sampling of Asian Russula species. The existing biogeographical studies failed to form a generally accepted theory. This project has collected numerous Russula specimens in China and six genetic markers have been sequenced for analyses, including ITS, nLSU, mtSSU, RPB1, RPB2 and EF1-α. The phylogenetic analyses will be conducted aiming to reveal the phylogenetic relationships of Russula species clearly. A more comprehensive biogeography of Russula will also be carried out based on new sequences and existing research data retrieved from GenBank. The origin, dispersal and diversification of Russula will be inferred by mean of divergence time estimation and ancestral state reconstruction. The influence of geological activity, climate change and symbiotic plant change on the spread and differentiation of Russula will be analyzed. This research will be an important supplement to the classification of Russula in China and even in the world, as well as an in-depth revelation of the origin and evolution of the genus Russula, which will provide theoretical support for the rational development and sustainable utilization.