层状双氢氧化物/二维聚磷腈纳米复合体系的构筑及其在阻燃环氧树脂中的作用机理研究

本项目针对目前纳米阻燃剂在聚合物中相容性差、极易团聚、阻燃效率低等问题，拟通过一种“三维构建法”，采用金属有机框架作为模板，在二维环交联聚磷腈片层上衍生出三维立体均匀分布的层状双氢氧化物，制备出一种新型纳米复合材料，并应用于阻燃环氧树脂。研究纳米复合材料的可控制备过程，揭示产物的性质与其纳米结构之间的关系，探究纳米复合体系在环氧树脂基体中的分散状态、相容性变化及其对聚合物性能的影响，探讨不同制备条件下产物对于环氧树脂阻燃性能的影响及协同阻燃机理。本项目所设计的新型阻燃剂拟通过纳米复合技术同时实现两种纳米阻燃剂在基体中的均匀分散，并提升其在环氧树脂中的协同阻燃效率，有望在较低的阻燃剂添加量下显著提高环氧树脂的阻燃性能及其综合性能。

The nano flame retardants always show poor compatibility, agglomeration phenomenon and low flame retardant efficiency in polymer composites. Aiming to solve the problems, this project is proposed that by using metal organic framework as a template, three dimensional distribution of layered double hydroxides derived are uniformly modified on two dimensional cyclopolyphosphazene nanosheets through a “3D fabrication method” to prepare a novel hybrid nanomaterial used as flame retardant in epoxy composites. The controllable preparation of the hybrid nanomaterial, the “structure-properties” relationship of the products, and the dispersion state and compatibility of the hybrid system in the epoxy matrix with its effect on properties of the composites are studied; the flame retardant effects and the synergistic mechanisms of the products prepared under different conditions in epoxy composites are explored. The novel flame retardant designed in this project improves its dispersion in epoxy resin through the nanocomposite technology. It is expected to significantly improve the flame retardancy of epoxy composites at a lower adding amount, and at the same time improve the comprehensive properties of the material.