GhHRK基因增强棉花花粉高温耐性的调控网络解析

全球变暖导致极端高温天气频繁发生，引起作物雄性不育导致减产是亟待解决的重要问题。针对棉花中耐高温种质匮乏、高温引起棉花雄性不育的遗传基础和分子机制尚不明确、及还未有增强高温下棉花雄性育性的关键基因被鉴定的现状，申请人前期进行了510份陆地棉材料高温下雄性育性相关性状考察和218份材料四分体时期花药的转录组测序，后续将进行以下研究：1）鉴定耐高温种质，开展生产适应性试验，并进行回交转育，创制优良耐高温种质；2）挖掘转录组数据，从基因组和转录组水平完成调控棉花花药响应高温的QTL/基因、可变剪切事件、长链非编码RNA的鉴定、整合与比较分析；3）对高温胁迫下调控花粉活性的关键基因GhHRK1和GhHRK2进行转基因功能分析，创制耐高温转基因种质，阐明GhHRK1和GhHRK2增强棉花花粉高温耐性的调控网络。该项目预期研究成果将为耐高温棉花育种提供种质支持、理论依据和基因资源。

Global warming has increased average temperature annually, with the impact to the male fertility which resulted crop reduction. In view of the shortage of high temperature tolerant germplasm, the unclear understanding of the genetical basis and molecular mechanism of male sterility under high temperature stress, and no tolerant genes have been identified in cotton, the applicant has completed the investigation on male fertility related traits of 510 upland cotton lines under high temperature and RNA-seq of the tetrad stage anthers of 218 lines in previous studies. In the present project, we will perform these investigatings: 1) identify high temperature resistant germplasm, carry out production adaptability test, and create excellent high temperature resistant germplasm through backcross; 2) explore the transcriptome data, to perform the identification, integration, comparative analysis of QTLs/genes, alternative splicing events, long non-coding RNA that may regulate upland cotton anther/pollen respond to high temperature at genomic and transcriptome levels; 3) functional characterization of GhHRK1 and GhHRK2 that regulate pollen viability under high temperature stress, create heat-tolerant transgenic germplasm and elucidate the regulatory network of GhHRK enhance pollen high temperature tolerance in cotton. This study will provide germplasm support, theoretical basis and genetic resources for cotton high temperature tolerance breeding.