仿生超疏水沥青路面涂层的制备与防冰耐久性能研究

沥青路面结冰给车辆行驶带来极大威胁，如何有效防止路面结冰一直是各国迫切需要解决的难题。撒布或内掺氯盐类融雪剂均会对环境造成负面影响，而热力学融冰方法受到施工技术上的限制较多。这两种方法都是从融化冰雪的角度来缓解路面结冰问题，并没有从冰与沥青路面的界面角度来防止路面结冰。本项目拟仿照荷叶疏水表面与微纳乳突复合的结构，选用低表面能材料作为超疏水涂层的基材，将微纳米颗粒材料喷涂到低表面能材料表面，发生化学接枝反应，制备超疏水涂层。从超疏水涂层的微纳结构、环境因素与车辆载荷影响等方面研究不同超疏水涂层在沥青路面上的防冰及耐久性能。本项目将为沥青路面防冰技术提供一种新方法，该方法具有环保、能耗低等优点，具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。

Asphalt pavement icing poses a great threat to vehicle driving. How to effectively prevent pavement icing is always the urgent problem to be solved in the countries of the world. Spraying or mixing chloride ice-melting agent has a negative impact on environment, and thermodynamic ice-melting method is seriously restricted by construction technologies. These two methods are both based on the point of melting ice or snow to alleviate the problem of formatting ice on the road, and they are not based on the interface interaction between ice and asphalt pavement to avoid pavement icing. This project intends to imitate hydrophobic surface and micro-nano hybrid structure of lotus leaves. Low surface energy materials are selected as the base material of the superhydrophobic coatings. Micro and nano particle materials were sprayed on the surfaces of low surface energy materials and chemical grafting reactions were taken place to prepare superhydrophobic coatings. The anti-icing and durable properties of superhydrophobic coatings on asphalt pavement were investigated from the aspects of their micro-nano structures, environment factors and vehicle load influence. This project will provide a new method with advantages of environmental friendliness and low energy consumption for the asphalt pavement anti -icing techno logy, and it has theoretical significance and application value.