双峰驼胃ALNA黏膜定植微生物的结构与功能的研究

ALNA是分布在双峰驼胃的一个发达的、器官化的淋巴集结区。该特殊结构由申请人发现，并于2003年在《英国兽医杂志》首次报道。迄今为止，尚未发现其他动物和人具有该结构的报道。已经验证，ALNA和肠道淋巴集结一样，属于黏膜免疫的诱导部位。在此基础之上，本项目拟从另外一个切入点入手，即采用宏基因组学技术检测和解析在ALNA黏膜表面和黏膜上皮细胞的黏膜定植微生物的生态学特点。重点解决的问题有三：其一，了解不同年龄双峰驼胃的ALNA区域、非ALNA区域及回肠淋巴集结区域的黏膜定植微生物的多样性、群落结构的组成、生态功能等；其二，比较3个区域的微生物的差异及其功能意义；其三，探索ALNA区域微生物的潜在应用价值，找出黏膜优势益生菌群。研究结果将揭示双峰驼ALNA黏膜定植微生物的分子生态学特征，可为进一步探讨ALNA与黏膜定植微生物的互作关系，以及二者在胃黏膜局部免疫稳态中的作用机制提供科学的理论依据。

Interestingly, there are a well-developed, organically organized aggregated lymphatic nodules area (ALNA)in the abomasum of Bactrian camel. Up to now, there were no any reports about this special structure in other animals or human after the ALNA were found and reported on Journal of Veterinary in 2003 by the applicant.It has been demonstrated that ALNA, like the aggregated lymphoid nodules of intestine, belongs to the induction site of mucosal immunity. On this basis, the microbial ecological characteristics of the environment about ALNA are detected and analyzed by metagenomics technology. There are three key problems to be solved. firstly, the diversity, the composition of community structure, and ecological function of mucosal colonization microorganisms in the ALNA, the non-ALNA and the aggregated lymphoid nodules of ileal in the camels of different ages. Secondly, the differences and functional significance of microbe in three regions are compared. Thirdly, to explore the potential application value of microbe in ALNA region, and to find out the dominant probiotics of mucous membrane.The results will reveal the molecular ecological characteristics of the colonized microorganisms in ALNA, and provide a scientific theoretical basis for further exploring the interaction between ALNA and colonized microorganisms and the mechanism of local immune homeostasis in gastric mucosa.