基于润湿与接触耦合调控的智能摩擦黏附机理研究与界面材料验证

实现智能材料摩擦力和黏附力的大跨度可逆调控，是界面科学前沿的热门研究课题和难题。界面润湿与接触的耦合作用是界面摩擦与黏附中的核心科学问题。本项目受“壁虎脚可逆黏附/脱附机制及其在水中摩擦/黏附力削弱-空气中恢复的现象”启发，提出界面润湿调控和真实接触面积变化耦合的智能摩擦黏附机制研究与界面材料验证的研究思路。拟设计制备仿生智能响应结构化凝胶材料，研究外场作用诱导下凝胶材料力学性能（模量）、表面物理结构（形貌）和物理化学性质（表面润湿）的可逆变化规律，探索界面真实接触面积或/和界面润湿性（单变量或双变量）与凝胶材料表面摩擦力和黏附力大跨度调控的相关性。发展智能摩擦黏附界面材料，设计制造智能运动器件。构建界面润湿与真实接触面积变化耦合调控下的黏附和摩擦理论模型，获得接触、润湿及其摩擦和黏附的关系规律。项目研究结果将为设计制备新型的智能润滑黏附材料、生物医用敷料、手术医疗器械提供理论和技术指导。

The development of intelligent materials with large-span reversible control of friction and adhesion is a hot direction and technical difficulty in frontier subjects of interface science. Moreover, the coupling effect of interfacial wetting and contact is a key scientific problem in interfacial friction and adhesion. Inspired by the "the gecko's feet can easily adhere and detach, but its interface friction/adhesion is greatly diminished upon full immersion in water and recover in the air", two key determinants of contact area and interface wetting are summarized. Based on this, a design idea of a bionic smart friction and adhesion material based on the coupling of interface wetting change and regulation of real contact area is proposed and the idea is verified by the development of interface material. This project intends to design and prepare biomimetic intelligent structured hydrogel materials, and investigate their reversible changes in the mechanical properties (elastic modulus), surface physical structure (morphology) and surface physicochemical properties (surface wetting) under the external field. Moreover, we explore the correlation between real contact area, interface wettability change and large-span friction and adhesion regulation of the smart materials. Based on the research, we plan to develop a class of intelligent friction adhesion interface materials, design and manufacture intelligent motion devices. Finally, a theoretical model of adhesion and friction based on the coupling control of interface wetting and real contact area changes is constructed to obtain the relationship of contact, wetting, friction and adhesion. The research results of this project will provide theoretical basis and technical support for the development of new intelligent lubricating materials, smart sliding devices, biomedical smart dressings, surgical auxiliary medical devices.