鄱阳湖水生植物气化内在碱金属的均相/异相催化及动力学机理研究

鄱阳湖水生植物作为一种清洁可再生能源，但其生长过程中会吸收水中K、Na等元素参与其代谢过程，其不仅导致设备腐蚀，而且危害人类健康。因此，本项目首先分析鄱阳湖水生植物在热解气化中内在碱金属的析出规律及影响其析出的关键因素，以及水生植物内在碱金属的迁徙机理，探索内在碱金属对水生植物气化产气及焦油成分分布特性的影响，并重点研究水蒸气存在条件下内在碱金属的形态及其转化迁徙行为对催化特性的影响；同时揭示内在碱金属对水生植物气化的催化作用以及三组分反应路径的影响，确定内在碱金属在水生植物热解及焦气化反应中的均相/异相催化机制；最后根据水生植物焦物理化学结构的演变特征，以内在碱金属的均相和异相催化机制为切入点，确定水生植物内在碱金属的迁徙与催化作用之间关键联系及其催化因子，从而建立考虑内在碱金属催化反应路径的水生植物气化动力学模型，为内在碱金属引起的设备腐蚀、结焦等问题的解决或改善提供科学依据。

The Poyang lake aquatic plant is used as a clean and renewable energy source, but it will absorb the K、Na and other elements of the water in the process of growth, and participated in its metabolic processes, which will not only lead to the corrosion of the equipment, but also endanger human health. Therefore, this project firstly analyzes the release behavior of the intrinsic alkali metals in the pyrolysis and gasification of aquatic plants and the key factors that influence its precipitation, and the migration mechanism of the intrinsic alkali metals in aquatic plants. Then, explores the effects of the intrinsic alkali metals on the gasification and gas of aquatic plants and distribution characteristics of tar composition, and focuses on the influence of the structural form of intrinsic alkali metals and its conversion behavior on the catalytic properties in steam addition. Meanwhile, reveals the catalysis of intrinsic alkali metals for aquatic plants gasification and the influence on three componental reaction path, and determines the homogeneous/heterogeneous catalytic mechanism of intrinsic alkali metals in the process of pyrolysis and char gasification. Based on the evolution characteristics of the physical and chemical structure of the aquatic plant chars, ascertains the key link between the migration and catalysis of intrinsic alkali metals in aquatic plants and its catalytic factors by using the homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic mechanism of intrinsic alkali metals as the breakthrough point. Thus the dynamic model of aquatic plants gasification considering intrinsic alkali metals catalytic reaction path will be established, which can provide scientific reference for the solution or improvement of the problems of the equipment erosion and coking caused by the intrinsic alkali metals.