基于轨道角动量的高维完备Bell基的实验构建及应用

在量子隐形传态、密集编码和纠缠交换等核心量子协议中，Bell基的操控处于关键性的基础地位。目前二维量子体系已得到广泛应用，但是高维量子态的生成、操控和测量仍然是比较艰难的挑战。因此，本项目将以光场调控为手段，在轨道角动量空间中系统研究高维完备Bell基的实验构建以及其在量子信息处理中的应用，特别是实验研究高维纠缠双光子在Hong-Ou-Mandel干涉中的聚束和反聚束效应，并分析其在量子通信和量子精密测量中的优势。该项目的实施将为研究高维量子纠缠的特性和优化量子信息处理协议提供新的思路和技术。

Bell basis forms the foundation for a variety of quantum information applications such as quantum teleportation，dense coding and entanglement swapping. Although two-dimensional quantum system has already been widely used, the generation, manipulation and measurement of high-dimensional quantum state are still formidable challenges. Here, by exploiting the optical spatial modulation technique, this project aims at conducting basic scientific research on the experimental generation of the complete high-dimensional orbital-angular-momentum Bell basis and its applications in quantum information processing. In particular, we focus on the bunching and anti-bunching effect in high-dimensional entangled two-photon Hong-Ou-Mandel interference, and analyzing its advantages in the applications of quantum communication and quantum metrology. We believe that this project can provide both of theoretical and technical support for studying the properties of high-dimensional quantum entanglement, and effectively optimizing the quantum information processing protocols as well.