液/液界面不稳定诱导的高强度油下/水下粘附剂的设计与制备

潮湿或含油/水等复杂环境中的粘附对于工业、医疗、水利、建筑以及日常生活等领域具有重要意义，产生了极大需求空间。然而目前所售的商用粘附剂往往只能在空气中发挥作用，在潮湿、油下或水下环境中会因为油膜/水膜的阻碍，或自身的溶胀和溶解而失效。近些年来发展了一些新型的仿生水下粘附材料，如仿贻贝、沙塔蠕虫的粘附胶水，仿树蛙、章鱼、喉盘鱼的粘附胶带等，但是这些材料都不可避免地依赖于复杂的分子设计或精细的结构构筑。本项目从调控液/液界面相互作用为基本切入点，创新性地提出界面不稳定诱导（3I）粘附的概念，拟制备一系列高强度的3I粘附胶水。通过引入可与油/水互溶的“媒介”溶剂，实现粘附剂在不同基底表面的有效接触。利用共聚焦显微镜原位观察，证明“媒介”溶剂对基底表面油膜的驱赶效果。通过引入互穿网络，提高3I粘附的油下/水下粘附强度。通过改变粘附剂高分子的组成，制备首例水下/油下/空气中的通用粘附胶水。

Adhesion in complex environments such as dampness or under oil/water is of great significance in the fields of industry, medical treatment, water conservancy, construction, and daily life, and has created great demand. However, the commercial adhesives often work in air, and will lose efficacy in wet, oily or underwater environments due to the obstruction of oil/water film, or the intrinsic swelling and dissolution. Some new types of bioinspired underwater adhesive materials have been developed in recent years, such as adhesive glues inspired by mussels, sandcastle worms, and adhesive tapes inspired by tree frogs, octopus, and clingfish. However, these materials are inevitably dependent on complex molecular design or delicate structure construction. In this project, we start from the liquid/liquid interface interactions, innovatively propose the concept of interfacial instability-induced (3I) adhesion, and aim to design several high-strength 3I adhesives. Firstly, "mediator" solvents miscible with both oil and water will be introduced to realize effective contact between adhesives and different substrates. Secondly, in-situ observation through confocal laser scanning microscopy will be conducted to prove the driving effect of the "mediator" solvent to the oil film on substrate surfaces. Thirdly, an interpenetrating network will be introduced to enhance the adhesion strength of 3I underoil adhesives. Finally, the composition of adhesive polymers will be regulated to prepare a universal adhesive for underwater/underoil/in-air adhesion for the first time.