针对生物活性炭（BAC）工艺中生物膜形成速度慢、自养硝化作用不稳定、氨氮在液（水）-固（生物膜）界面间传质效率低而导致的水源水中氨氮去除效能差的问题，本项目提出纳米二氧化锰（nMnO2）耦合碳源界面调控强化BAC去除氨氮的策略：有机碳源加快生物膜定植速度，促进异养硝化菌自然富集以强化生物膜功能性；nMnO2提高氨氮在液-固界面间传质效率，促使其在载体界面形成“界面吸附-微生物降解-界面吸附”的循环去除过程。本项目将探究nMnO2耦合碳源界面调控方式的优化条件及其界面调控效应，解析界面调控强化BAC生物膜功能性的机理，并从微生物生态学、生化反应、物质转化等多角度阐明界面调控的BAC体系中生物降解、吸附及化学氧化作用的协同机制，揭示界面调控强化BAC去除水源水中氨氮的机理。本项目研究成果将为nMnO2耦合碳源界面调控强化BAC去除水源水中氨氮技术的应用提供可靠的理论基础和关键技术支撑。

Aiming at the problem of poor ammonium removal caused by slow initial biofilm formation, unstable autotrophic nitrification, and poor mass transfer efficiency at the liquid (water)- solid (biofilm) interface of ammonium in Biological Activated Carbon (BAC) process, this project proposes a strategy that enhances ammonium removal in BAC by nano-manganese dioxide (nMnO2) coupled with carbon source interface regulation: Organic carbon source accelerates biofilm colonization rate, promotes natural enrichment of heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria to strengthen biofilms functionalization; nMnO2 increases ammonium's mass transfer efficiency between liquid - solid interface to promote the formation of a cycle, "interface adsorption - microbial degradation - interface adsorption", in carrier interface. This project will investigate the optimal conditions for nMnO2 coupled with carbon source interface regulation and its interface regulation effect, and clarify the mechanism of biofilm functionalization enhanced by interfacial regulation. Then, the synergistic mechanism of biodegradation, adsorption and chemical oxidation in the interface-regulated BAC will be studied from the perspectives of microbial ecology, biochemical reaction and material transformation. Finally, the mechanism of ammonium removal of BAC from source water enhanced by nMnO2 coupled with carbon source interface regulation will be revealed. The results of this project will provide theoretical basis and technical support for application of BAC removing ammonium enhanced by nMnO2 coupled with carbon source interface regulation.