脑网络对意识障碍准确鉴别、预后评估、干预促醒的应用价值是现代神经科学研究的重点与难点，近年研究发现意识水平与脑网络连接存在一定关联。本项目组前期工作发现不同病因损伤导致意识障碍患者脑网络连接存有差异，其中脑外伤患者额顶网络损伤尤为严重。既往研究提示经颅磁刺激对意识障碍促醒有效，但其刺激靶点易受个体差异影响且促醒机制尚不明确。为此，本课题组结合前期基础，求证“经颅磁刺激疗法可通过改变额顶网络提高脑外伤后意识障碍患者的意识水平”的假说，并进一步探究经典刺激靶点与个体化靶点的疗效差异。基于意识障碍患者对情绪刺激反应的高敏感性，拟借助于情绪刺激下脑外伤后意识障碍患者的脑电效应网络和功能磁共振网络分析，对经颅磁刺激治疗前后的神经电生理和神经影像标记物的改变进行量化评估，从多层次的网络水平揭示额顶网络的连接特征，及其参与意识水平改变的神经机制，为脑外伤后意识障碍的准确评估和个体化促醒手段提供新思路。

Recent advances have demonstrated the activity and complex functional interconnections within widespread network play an important role in consciousness. However, the value of network assessment for diagnosis and prognosis remains a challenge. Our previous work showed in patients with disorders of consciousness(DOC), the perturbations of brain network connectivity varied according to different etiology, as the traumatic subjects suffered from greater connectivity reduction than nontraumatic subjects, especially the top-down influences. Moreover, reviewing existing studies, transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS) has been proposed as an experimental approach for the treatment of disorders of consciousness(DOC), however, there has been little research into the mechanism of TMS in DOC and the therapeutic effects have been inconsistently documented which may be due to the individual difference in anatomy. Hence, our research, based on the hypothesis that perceptual processing of emotionally significant stimuli was prioritized and the affective condition activated wider brain areas, monitors the dynamic brain effective connectivity combining electroencephalography(EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) underlying emotional sound exposure, aiming to explore the efficiency of TMS stimulating at traditionary or individualized targets on frontoparietal network in patients with DOC. Finally, by providing neural characterization of frontoparietal connectivity in states of consciousness with multidimensional assessments, we speculate the specific network may have novel potential for informing diagnosis and prognosis in DOC and even be the target for treatment intervention, particularly for patients with traumatic injuries.