芥菜型油菜多室基因的克隆及双低、多室品系的分子标记辅助选育

作为具有高产潜力的优异种质，多室油菜正在受到国内外学者越来越多的关注。研究表明，在相同的遗传背景下，多室油菜的单株产量显著高于二室油菜的单株产量，而产量提高的主要成因在于多室油菜通常具有更多的角果粒数。因此，对多室性状进行深入研究、分离多室基因、揭示多室表型的形成机理，对油菜产量性状的改良具有重要意义。本研究以源于青藏高原的地方品种“芥菜型多室油菜”作为研究材料，拟在前期对多室基因Bjln1进行精细定位的基础之上，进一步通过图位克隆的方法分离该基因；通过遗传转化等实验验证候选基因功能。同时，利用分子标记辅助选择与传统的表型观察、品质分析相结合，通过杂交-自交-回交的方法，将“芥菜型多室油菜”的多室基因转移到双低芥菜型油菜的遗传背景中，培育多室、双低的芥菜型油菜品系，为油菜高产新品种的选育奠定基础。

As the excellent genetic resources with high yield protential,multilocular rapeseed is attracting more and more attention.Previous studies indicated that,yield per plant in multilocular rapeseed was significantly higher than that of bilocular rapeseed in the same genetic background,and the increase of yield per plant in multilocular rapeseed maily results from the increase of seeds per silique. It is significant to research into the multilocular trait, isolate the multilocular gene and reveal its forming mechanism in the development of the high yield varieties.Using Duoshi(a Brassica juncea landrace originating from the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau) as the research material, this study was further to isolate the target gene by map-based cloning on the basis of fine mapping of the Bjln1 gene，and validate the function of the candidate gene by genetic transformation test.Meanwhile,using the method of the molecular-marker assisted selection,the traditonal phenotypic observation, quanlity analysis combined with crossing-selfing-backcrossing,we want to transfer the multilocular gene in Duoshi to the Brassica juncea with double low content,and develop multilocular Brassica juncea with double low content, which would lay the foundation for the breeding of the high yield varieties.