硫酸盐还原菌直接作用分解磁铁矿的机制及环境和磁学效应

本项目采用地质样品开展硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)直接作用分解磁铁矿的矿物学、地球化学、磁学及微生物学证据研究；借助室内模拟实验，开展SRB 直接作用分解磁铁矿的机制、环境效应及磁学效应研究;应用模拟实验的研究结论解释地质现象。室内模拟实验中，通过改变实验方法，考察粘附态细菌、溶解态电子传输体和络合物对磁铁矿还原分解的影响；通过重点分析固体产物的矿物学及元素化学特征,考察SRB直接作用分解磁铁矿过程中元素C、S、P、As、Pb的固定或释放效应；通过测定磁铁矿含量及矿物学、磁学性质随初始条件和实验时间的变化,考察SRB直接作用分解磁铁矿对其磁学性质的影响。本项目以"揭示SRB-磁铁矿交互作用的机制及环境和磁学效应"为科学目标，对完善微生物-铁氧化物交互作用机制、深化环境地球化学及环境磁学理论、解释地质微生物过程有重要意义。

This project uses geological materials to investigate the mineralogical, geochemical,magnetic and biological evidences of magnetite decomposition through direct effect of sulfate-reducing bacteria (MD-DE-SRB), and designs simulational experiments to study the mechanisms as well as environmental and magnetic effects of MD-DE-SRB.Conclusions derived from simlutional experiments are also used to explain geological phenomena. During simulational experiments,the contributions of adhered bacteria, electron shuttles and cation complexes to MD-DE-SRB are investigated by changing experiment methods. The effects of MD-DE-SRB on immobilizing and mobilizing C, S, P, As and Pb are investigated through analyzing the mineralogical and elemental characteristics of solid products. The effects of MD-DE-SRB on magnetic characteristics of magnetite are investigated through investigating the relationships between initial experimental conditions, experimental time to magnetite's mineralogical and magnetic properties.This project aims at discovering the mechanisms, environmental and magnetic implications of SRB-magnetite interactions. The research results are important for developing the mechanisms of microbe-iron oxide interaction, the theories of environmental geochemistry and environmental magnetism, and moreover, for explaining processes of geomicrobiology