非化学计量过渡金属氧化物及其衍生物的制备及催化性能研究

过渡金属氧化物及其衍生物在电催化以及能量存储领域具有广阔的应用前景，已经引起了广泛关注，尤其是非化学计量过渡金属氧化物因其特殊的结构经常表现出优异的催化活性，具有更为重要的研究价值。在前期研究基础上，本项目拟采用喷雾热解法为制备方法，以过渡金属盐为原料，通过元素掺杂、气氛控制和煅烧工艺等手段获得非化学计量过渡金属氧化物及其衍生物。项目将系统研究热解温度、气氛、煅烧温度以及原料配比等工艺条件对材料组分和活性元素氧化态的影响，实现对活性元素平均氧化态的调控。在材料制备基础上，开展过渡金属氧化物及其衍生物电化学性能基础研究，从电子层面研究并解释活性元素氧化态与催化活性的关系，获得组分-电子结构-性质之间的关联性认识。此外，结合制备方法本身易量产的特点，将所得的材料加工成相应的电化学器件进行性能评价，筛选出一些性能优异的电极材料。因此，本项目的研究具有重要的理论意义和潜在应价值。

Transition metal oxides and their derivatives have attracted extensive attention due to their potential application in the fields of electrocatalysis and energy storage. Especially, the non-stoichiometric transition metal oxides often present excellent catalytic activity because of its special structure and have a more important research value. Based on the previous research, this project aims to fabricate non-stoichiometric transition metal oxides and its derivatives through spray pyrolysis as main method and transition metal salt as raw material. Non-stoichiometric transition metal oxides and their derivatives will be obtained by means of element doping, atmosphere control and calcining process. In this project, we will systematically study the influence of pyrolysis temperature, atmosphere, calcining temperature and the ratio of raw material on the composition of material and active element oxidation state, so as to accomplish the regulation of the oxidation state on active element. Based on the preparation, the project will conduct the basic research on electrochemical performance of the obtained materials to explain the relationship between oxidation state of active elements and catalytic performance from the level of electron, and then get the connection among components, electronic structure and properties. In addition, based on the high yield of the preparation method, the obtained materials will be manufactured into corresponding electrochemical devices for performance estimation and some excellent electrode materials will be filtered out. Therefore, the research of this project is significant both in theory and practice.