基于ATRP制备核壳结构的微球及其在孔隙介质中的运移行为研究

通过活性聚合设计合成一大类壳层厚度可控的核壳结构微球，进而探索该类微球在孔隙介质中的运移规律。使用分散聚合制备表面具有高活性原子转移自由基聚合（ATRP）引发基团的微球内核，在水溶液中通过ATRP反应构筑一层厚度可控且含有不同改性基团（非离子基团、阳离子基团、阴离子基团、疏水基团）的功能性壳层。在壳层结构的构筑过程中，通过研究表面引发原子转移自由基聚合动力学，明确可控聚合能够发生的条件，阐明聚合条件对壳层聚合物分子量及其壳层厚度控制的基本原理。针对不同类型壳层结构的微球，设计实验手段明确该类微球的基本物理化学性质（溶胀性、吸附性及吸附形态、pH响应性、流变性、缔合性等），再结合该类微球在多孔介质中的封堵-移动行为，探明具有不同功能化壳层结构的微球在孔隙介质中的运移机制。本项研究不但能够丰富水溶液中表面引发可控聚合理论，同时也为功能性核壳结构微球的调驱奠定了技术基础，具有理论与实际意义。

A whole family of the microsphere with core-shell structure and controllable shell thickness is try to design and synthesize by controlled polymerization. Further, the migration law in porous media of these microsphere is explored. The microsphere core with activated group that can trigger atom transfer free radical polymerization (ATRP) is try to synthesize by dispersion polymerization. Next, the shell with functional groups ( cationic, anionic, non-ionic and hydrophobic) and controllable thickness is try to built through ATRP in in aqueous solutions. The conditions of controlled polymerization are try to clarify by studying the reaction dynamics of surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. The Basic principle of the effect of polymerization condition on the molecular weight of side polymer and shell thickness is try to find out. The essential physical and chemical characteristics (swelling capacity, adsorption, adsorption forms, pH-responsibility, rheological behavior hydrophobic association property and so on) of microsphere were try to explicitly recognize and discuss by design experiment method aiming at different kinds of functional shell. In the combination with the plugging-move behavior of microsphere in porous media, the The migration mechanisms of microspheres with different functional shell in porous media are try to ascertain. This study have great theoretic and engineering application values because the results of the study will not only enriches the theory with surface-initiated controlled polymerization, but also lay a foundation for the application of core-shell structure microsphere in deep profile modification and flooding.