还田后秸秆腐解对土壤真核微生物细胞自噬的影响及机制

秸秆还田初期由于微生物对土壤内有效态氮素的固持，导致土壤内可利用氮素营养的缺乏，土壤真核微生物会启动细胞自噬以度过这一不良环境。本项目将利用荧光蛋白标记、显微荧光、western blot、电镜以及细胞活体染色等技术手段，研究土传病害病原体、益生真菌以及真核模式生物酿酒酵母等随秸秆腐解的细胞自噬发生水平，获得不同类型细胞启动自噬和自噬性死亡的临界点，从而建立细胞自噬发生程度与秸秆腐解程度及土壤内氮素水平之间的联系，为秸秆还田后土壤内微生物种群演替机理的阐明提供理论依据，并进一步促进有机物料抑菌机理的深入研究和生物有机肥料关键技术的发展。

Autophagy would be triggered among soil eukaryotic microorganisms due to nitrogen starvation at the beginning of straw returning to field. Using the technologies such as fluorescent protein labeled, western blot and vital stain et al, the relationship among the degree of straw decomposition, the level of the effective nitrogen in soil and the autophagy occurring degree for eukaryotic microorganism will be built, and critical points for triggering autophagy and autophagy to death will be found in this project. The results will help us to better understand the mechanism of microorganisms succession after straw returning to field, and it also prompt the study on the mechanism of organic fertilizer suppressing the soilborne plant diseases and the development of key technology in biological organic compost.