铂资源稀缺昂贵，使Pt催化剂成本高，限制了燃料电池发展和商业化，因此，通过创新Pt基催化剂的纳米结构来提高Pt的（原子）利用效率和催化活性，开发低Pt燃料电池催化剂具有重要意义。 本项目拟合成尺寸小、Pt含量低的合金纳米粒子，通过热处理诱导Pt表面偏析、电化学去合金化等方法调控Pt双金属纳米粒子的核壳精细结构，运用HRTEM、XPS等分析手段表征核壳纳米粒子的界面原子结构、晶格畸变及电子结构，再结合电化学测试结果，深入研究微观结构与催化反应性能的内在联系。 通过对壳层Pt原子与内核3d过渡金属原子之间电子转移促进催化活性提高的关系、Pt壳层对内核产生的晶格压缩应变对催化性能的影响、Pt壳的形成机理及低Pt核壳纳米催化剂的氧还原机理等关键科学问题进行研究，阐明调控核壳精细结构促进催化活性提高的机制，获得高活性低Pt核壳纳米催化剂的制备方法，为低Pt燃料电池催化剂的设计和发展提供一条有效的途径

Due to the scarcity and high cost of Platinum(Pt), the development and large scale commercial application of fuel cells has been limited. It is very great significant to enhance the utilization efficiency and catalytic activity of Pt atoms through an innovation of nano-structure of low Pt content catalysts for fuel cells. In our proposed work, we focus on tuning the core-shell fine structure of Pt bimetallic nanoparticles by heating treatment induced Pt surface segregation and electrochemical dealloying, after the synthesis of small size and low content of Pt alloy nanoparticles. HRTEM, STEM and XPS are used to investigate the interface atomic structure, the lattice distortion and electronic structure of the tuned core-shell nanoparticles. In addition, combined with the electrochemical measurement, the intrinsic relationship between micro-structure and catalytic reaction performance is further researched. The research covers the following: The factors that improve catalytic activity by the electron transfer in both atoms of Pt shell and atoms of the transition metals core; the influence of the lattice compression strain on catalytic activity originated from Pt shell on the core; the formation mechanism of Pt shell structure; the oxygen reduction mechanism of the core-shell nano-structure catalysts with low Pt content. We will discover the mechanism of enhancing catalytic activity by tunning core-shell fine nanostructure. We will develop a method of preparing low Pt core-shell nanoparticles with high catalytic activity. The work will provide an effective way to the design and development of low Pt fuel cells catalysts.