基于海马-PFC神经环路的时空特征探讨太极拳联合tDCS改善MCI患者记忆功能的协同机制

记忆功能减退是轻度认知障碍（MCI）的主要临床表现，申请人前期通过RCT研究发现太极拳联合tDCS可明显改善MCI患者韦氏记忆功能评分，但两者协同机制尚不明确。研究表明海马、前额叶皮质（PFC）结构退化和功能受损是MCI患者记忆功能减退的重要原因，且海马-PFC神经环路波共振荡节律放电在学习记忆中发挥了重要作用。研究表明太极拳、tDCS均可调控海马-PFC神经环路结构和功能重塑改善记忆功能。因此，我们推测：太极拳联合tDCS协同机制是以海马-PFC神经环路为交互作用的关键节点和路径，激活后与其他脑区形成有效连接，触发波节律振荡，从而改善MCI患者记忆功能。为了验证假说，采用2×2析因设计阐明太极拳、tDCS以及太极拳联合tDCS在对MCI患者不同类型记忆功能的影响，借助fMRI、fNIRS和EEG围绕海马-PFC神经环路有效连接和时间分布特征阐明其机制，为其临床应用提供依据。

Memory impairment is the main clinical manifestation of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The applicant's previous RCT study found that Taijiquan combined with TDCS could significantly improve the Wechsler's memory function score in MCI patients, but the synergistic mechanism between the two remains unclear.Studies show that the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) structure degradation and function damage is the important reason for the MCI patients with memory loss, at the same time, the hippocampus - PFC neural circuits wave oscillation rhythms total discharge played an important role in learning and memory.Studies have shown that both Taijiquan and TDCS can regulate the structure and functional remodeling of hippocampal-PFC neural circuit to improve memory function.Therefore, we hypothesized that: taijiquan joint tDCS coordination mechanism in the hippocampus - PFC neural circuits for interaction of key node and path, form effective connections with other brain regions after activation, trigger wave rhythmic oscillation, thus improve memory function in patients with MCI.In order to verify the hypothesis, a 2×2 factorial design was adopted to clarify the effects of Tai Chi, TDCS and Tai Chi combined with TDCS on different types of memory function in patients with MCI, and the effective connection and temporal distribution characteristics of fMRI, FNirs and EEG around the hippocampal-PFC neural circuit were used to clarify the mechanism, so as to provide a scientific basis for its clinical application.