新型高效低铂燃料电池催化剂的设计合成及电催化性能调变机制研究

本项目针对Pt/过渡金属多元金属复合材料作为燃料电池催化剂在催化循环过程中易发生成分流失而造成催化稳定性差的问题，拟将消解效应的思想引入到合成中，结合原位氧化还原等原理，通过壳层合金结构的设计，将化学稳定性优异、电催化协同效应显著的Au元素少量的引入到PtM (M=Co, Ni) 体系的表面/亚表面，设计合成几种构造方式可控（如：三明治型、空腔型、核壳型及合金粒子型）的PtAuM (M=Co, Ni) 壳层结构催化材料，注重对材料表/界面的组分含量及成分分布进行调控，深入研究产物对甲醇氧化及氧气还原等反应的电催化性能，了解产物的组分、结构及表/界面微结构等特征对电化学性能的影响规律及作用机制，揭示多组分金属组装产生的耦合和协同效应，以反馈的信息为指导进一步优化产物的组成和结构，制备出具有良好催化活性和催化稳定性的新型低铂电催化材料，为推进燃料电池的实用化进程提供材料和技术基础。

One noted major limitation of Pt-TM (transition metal) nanocatalysts is their low durability owing to the element leaching under detrimental corrosive electrocatalytical conditions. The aim of this project is to develop a digestive-redox combined method to introduce a small amount of Au, the element with good chemical stability and excellent electrocatalytic synergistic effects, into the surface/subsurface of PtM-based (M = Co, Ni) nanosystems by designing PtAuM (M = Co, Ni) shell nanostructures with controlled configurations (such as Sandwich, hollow, core-shell or alloyed particulate structures). To get control of the surface/interface component distribution and percentage is one of the research focus. The electrocatalysis performance of the as-prepared PtAuM (M = Co, Ni) shell nanostructures will be systematically investigated towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and methanol reduction reaction (MOR). We'd like to address the coupling and synergistic effects among the component elements and their impacts on the electrocatalysis performance, which is helpful to get new insight into the key factors related to the electrocatalysis performance improvement and understand the underlyling electrocatalytic mechanism. The ultimate goal of this project is to get new type of low-Pt-loading electrocatalytic material with simultaneously high durability and catalytic activity on the basis of the component and surface/interface microstructural optimization.