各向异性双网络水凝胶结构及性能对铀污染地下水环境多因子耦合作用的响应特性与机理研究

酸法地浸采铀退役采区铀污染地下水具有水量大、酸性强、铀含量高、成分复杂、难处理的特点，亟需研发高效、低成本的修复技术。含定向孔道结构的各向异性双网络水凝胶的制备成本低、耐强酸、含水率高、溶胀性好，且具有优异的定向传质效率，在酸法地浸采铀退役采区铀污染地下水中铀的高效修复方面具有良好的应用前景。本项目基于酸法地浸采铀矿山退役采区铀污染地下水的特点，优化制备条件并筛选出具有合适孔道结构且铀吸附性能优异的各向异性双网络水凝胶，研究在铀污染地下水环境单因子及多因子作用下，各向异性双网络水凝胶结构变化与铀吸附性能之间的内在关联，探究各向异性双网络水凝胶结构及性能对铀污染地下水环境多因子耦合作用的响应特性与机理。通过以上研究，提出各向异性双网络水凝胶去除酸法地浸采铀矿山退役采区铀污染地下水中铀的新方法，并为可高效吸附复杂水体环境中污染物的吸附剂的设计提供理论参考。

The groundwater in the decommissioned field of an acid in situ leach uranium mine has the characteristics of great quantity, strong acidity, high uranium content, various components, difficult to handle, and it is urgent to develop efficient and low-cost remediation technology. The anisotropic double network hydrogel with directional pore structure has low-cost, strong acid resistance, high water content, good swelling property, and exhibits excellent mass transfer rate along the channel direction, which possesses good prospect of application in the remediation of groundwater in the decommissioned field of an acid in situ leach uranium mine. Based on the characteristics of groundwater in the decommissioned field of an acid in situ leach uranium mine, this project aims to optimize the preparation conditions and screen of anisotropic double network hydrogels with suitable pore structure and excellent uranium adsorption performance. The inherent relationship between structural changes and uranium adsorption performance of anisotropic double network hydrogels under the action of single and multiple environmental factors of groundwater polluted by uranium is determined, and the response characteristics and mechanism of anisotropic double network hydrogel structure and properties to the coupling effect of multiple environmental factors of groundwater polluted by uranium is explored. Through the above researches, the project is expected to propose a new method of removing uranium from groundwater in the decommissioned field of an acid in situ leach uranium mine by anisotropic double network hydrogel, and provide theoretical reference for the design and preparation of adsorbent for highly effective adsorption of pollutants in complex water environment.