软基水闸底板脱空机理及其动力学诊断方法研究

底板脱空是软基水闸最为常见的一种病害，由于对软基水闸底板脱空机理的认识不足，国内已出现多起因底板脱空导致的水闸整体坍塌事故。目前传统的无损检测方法难以在水下探测底板脱空，且不具实时性，其应用还存在一定局限，仍需研究新的软基水闸底板脱空诊断方法。针对上述问题，本项目以出现底板脱空的软基水闸实际工程为依托，采用理论分析、模型试验、数值模拟及原型测试相结合的研究手段，研究软基水闸底板脱空机理及脱空范围的参数化数学模型，阐明底板脱空形成的内、外在机制，并对脱空范围进行数学意义上的描述；研究不同软基物理特性及底板脱空对水闸整体动力特性的影响，拟定底板脱空诊断的动力学敏感特征量；研究软基水闸底板脱空动力诊断方法，构建反映底板脱空参数与模态参数之间非线性映射关系的数学代理模型，建立基于动力学敏感特征量的底板脱空诊断最优化数学模型，实现底板脱空的动力诊断；研究成果可为水闸现场实时安全检测提供一种新的方法。

The void of sluice floor is the most common disease of sluice built on the soft foundation. Due to insufficient understanding of the mechanism of sluice floor void on the soft foundation, there have been many sluice collapse accidents caused by the sluice void in China. At present, the traditional non-destructive testing is difficult to effectively detect the sluice floor void under water, and it does not have real-time performance and applicability. It is exceedingly necessary to study a new method for determining the void of the sluice floor on the soft foundation. To solve the above problems, taking the actual project of the soft foundation sluice with floor void as example, the mechanism of the sluice floor void and the parameterized mathematical model are studied based on theoretical analysis, model tests, numerical simulations and prototype testing. The internal and external mechanisms of the sluice floor void are clarified, and the parameterized mathematical model is established to describe its mathematical range. The influence of different soft foundation physical characteristics and the sluice floor void on the overall dynamic characteristics of the sluice is studied, and dynamic sensitive characteristic quantities for diagnosing sluice floor void area are determined. Dynamic diagnosis method for determining the void of sluice floor is studied, and a mathematical model is established to reflect the non-linear mapping relationship between sluice floor void parameters and modal parameters. Based on dynamic sensitive feature quantities, an optimization mathematical model of sluice floor void diagnosis is established to realize dynamic diagnosis of the sluice floor void. The research results can provide a new method for real-time safety detection of sluice.