基于激光FMCW的大尺寸高精度非合作目标测距方法研究

本项目针对航空航天、国防、大科学装置等领域对大尺寸高精度三维形貌测量需求，开展基于激光FMCW的数十米范围内、微米级精度的非合作目标测距方法研究。主要研究内容包括：（1）激光FMCW测距中多普勒效应影响机理及校正方法研究；（2）结合同步移相的自适应光路结构设计及优化；（3）非合作目标测距样机研制与实验研究。通过本项目研究揭示影响非合作目标测距精度的关键因素，提出结合多普勒测振以及锁相环技术的非合作目标多普勒效应校正方法、一种校正激光器频率漂移影响的算法、以及结合同步移相的自适应光路结构，突破非合作目标测量中的多普勒效应、低回光导致信号信噪比低等关键科学问题，并研制原理样机，验证提出的各项关键技术，为大尺寸高精度三维形貌测量仪器的研制提供理论支撑。

Aims at the demand of large-size, high-precision, 3D profile measurement in the fields of aerospace, national defense and large scientific installations, a research on tens of meters range, micrometer accuracy, non-cooperative target measurement methods based on laser FMCW is conducted. The main research contents include: (1) Research on the mechanism and correction method of Doppler effect in laser FMCW ranging; (2) Design and optimization of adaptive optical path structure with synchronous phase shift; (3) Development of non-cooperative target ranging prototype and experimental research. Through the study of this project, the key factors that affect the range accuracy of non-cooperative target will be revealed. A method combining Doppler vibration measurement and phase-locked loop technique aims at Doppler effect correction in non-cooperative target distance measurement is proposed; an algorithm to correct the effect of laser frequency drift is proposed; and a adaptive optical path structure with synchronous phase shift technique is proposed. The proposed methods are used to break through two key scientific issues, which contain Doppler effect in non-cooperative target measurement and low signal-to-noise ratio caused by low return light. A principle prototype will be developed, which is used to verify the proposed key technologies. This project will provides theoretical support for the development of large-size, high-precision, 3D profile measurement instrument.