子宫颈癌严重危害女性健康，人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是其发生的必要条件。以HPV DNA为基础的检测技术无法分辨一过性感染和引起子宫颈病变的感染，所以其特异度和阳性预测值较低。因此，找到合适的分子标志物，提高检测技术对子宫颈癌前病变的预测效果是目前子宫颈癌筛查中的热点和难点。HPV E6/E7 mRNA和p16/Ki-67蛋白共表达分别从不同层面反映了疾病的进展状况。本课题采用分子流行病学与现场流行病学相结合的方法，以医院为基础，将病理诊断作为金标准，通过检测不同病变状态下子宫颈脱落细胞中HPV E6/E7 mRNA与p16/Ki-67蛋白共表达的情况，对两类分子标志物在预测子宫颈癌发病风险及在子宫颈癌筛查中的应用效果进行研究。研究结果可以阐明HPV E6/E7 mRNA与p16/Ki-67共表达在子宫颈癌发生发展中的作用，优化子宫颈癌的筛查策略，并为我国宫颈癌治疗性疫苗的研发提供参考。

Cervical cancer is a malignancy which threatens women’s health seriously. It is caused by persistent infection of human papillomavirus (HPV). Since HPV DNA-based tests cannot distinguish between transient infection and persistent infection which causes cervical cancer, it has a lower specificity and positive predictive value. Therefore, appropriate molecular markers are needed to be found to improve the clinical performance for predicting the precancerous lesions of cervical cancer. HPV E6/E7 mRNA and p16/Ki-67 proteins co-expression can reflect the status of progression from different aspects. This application is a hospital-based project using the combination methods of molecular epidemiology and field epidemiology, with pathological diagnosis as the gold standard. The HPV E6/E7 mRNA and p16 /Ki-67 proteins co-expression will be detected from cervical exfoliated cells of different pathological status to investigate the values of them in predicting the risk of cervical cancer and improving the clinical performance of cervical cancer screening. Results from this project will clarify the role of HPV E6/E7 mRNA and p16 /Ki-67 proteins co-expression in the progression of cervical cancer, optimize cervical cancer screening strategy and provide important information for the development of therapeutic vaccine in China.