协变密度泛函框架下的原子核集体激发

随着国内外放射性核束装置的相继建成与升级，奇特原子核的振动激发已成为当前核物理最重要的前沿研究领域之一。最近发展的协变密度泛函框架下的准粒子无规相位近似模型，通过考虑交换（Fock）项的贡献，在描述电荷交换道的原子核共振激发上取得巨大成功。本项目拟将该模型推广至研究非电荷交换道的原子核集体共振激发，包括原子核的巨单极共振、巨偶极共振、矮偶极共振等激发模式。构建相应的数值计算程序，分析交换项、重排项、对关联和π介子场对原子核集体激发的影响，探索与之相关的新物理以及滴线附近原子核的新激发模式。系统研究原子核的集体激发性质与核物质不可压缩系数、对称能、奇特原子核的中子皮厚度之间的关联性，进而利用最新的集体激发实验数据间接提取这些实验上很难观测的重要物理量。最后，结合重离子碰撞实验数据和中子星观测数据，检验所提取物理量在协变密度泛函理论框架下外推至高密区的可靠性。

With the development of radioactive ion beam facilities worldwide, the study on vibrational excitations of exotic nuclei has become one of the frontiers in nuclear physics. By including the Fock terms, the newly developed quasiparticle random-phase approximation based on covariant density functional theory has achieved great success in the description of nuclear charge-exchange resonance excitations. This project aims to extend the model to the non-charge-exchange channel of nuclear collective resonance excitations, including nuclear giant monopole resonance, gaint dipole resonance, and pygmy dipole resonance. We plan to construct the numerical codes; analyse the infulence of exchange terms, rearrangement terms, paring correlations, and pion meson fields on the nuclear cellective excitations;probe the corresponding new physics and new excitation modes of nuclei near drip line. Systematically investigate the correlations of nuclear collective excitations with incompressibility and symmetry energy in nuclear matter, as well as neutron skin thickness of exotic nuclei for the extraction of these important physical quantities with the latest experimental data on nuclear collective excitations. The reliability of the extrapolated physical quantities in high density nuclear matter will be tested through the data of heavy ion collision experiments and observations from neutron stars.