基于Gemini/寡聚表面活性剂液液相分离的构筑、调控与功能研究

液液相分离具有致密内部结构和亲疏水共存区域，可同时高效富集亲疏水性物质并自发分相。当前理论应用研究主要集中于大分子液液相分离；而与之作用互补、甚至不可替代的表面活性剂液液相分离构筑难、区域窄、效率低，从形成到机理、从性质到应用都存在系列科学和技术问题亟待探索。研究初步显示，提高表面活性剂寡聚度可显著增强构筑能力、降低表面活性剂用量并扩大形成区域；动态共价表面活性剂可赋予其响应性。基于此，本项目拟利用Gemini/寡聚表面活性构筑液液相分离并研究形成规律和组装机理；探索表面活性剂体系中液液相分离、双水相、凝胶和粘弹性体系形成和机理的异同；建立液液相分离宏观性能、凝聚相性质和微观结构间的关系；进而利用非响应性或响应性寡聚表面活性剂构建性能优化的表面活性剂液液相分离功能体系，实现洗护产品性能提升、农药高效包藏与可控释放以及细胞模型建立与结构功能探索，切实推进表面活性剂液液相分离理论与应用的发展。

Coacervation has compact internal structure and hydrophilic/hydrophobic domains, which can highly enrich various hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances simultaneously and separate into two immiscible liquid phases in the same solvent spontaneously. The investigation on its mechanism and application has been mainly focusing on polymer-based coacervation, while there are only a few studies on surfactant-based coacervation because of its difficult construction, narrow region and low efficiency. Therefore, a series of scientific and technological problems need to be solved, including its formation, properties, mechanism and application. The present reported and preliminary results show that Gemini and oligomeric surfactants have stronger ability to construct coacervation, reduce the surfactant concentration and expand the coacervate region, while dynamic covalent surfactants can endow coacervation with responsibility. Based on this, we intend to construct several coacervation systems by using Gemini/oligomeric surfactants with multiple binding sites, in order to study the formation and mechanism of surfactant-based coacervation; to distinguish the coacervation, ATPS, gel and viscoelastic system in surfactant systems; to study the relationship between macroscopic properties, condensed phase properties and microstructure of surfactant-based coacervation; and to explore the applications of surfactant-based coacervation in cosmetics formulation, pesticide encapsulation and controlled release, and synthetic protocell by using stimuli-responsive coacervation systems. Thus, the formation, mechanism and application of surfactant-based coacervation will be strongly promoted.