干旱区绿洲聚落的空间建构与环境适应性技术研究——以南疆丝路沿线聚落为例

南疆区域生态脆弱、经济滞后、政治敏感、气候干旱、地域偏远，地域条件对当地群众生活、生产和空间聚落的可持续发展影响极大，甚至严重影响绿洲生态安全，故对这一典型区域空间建构与环境适应性技术研究迫在眉睫。由于塔里木盆地周边不同大小的绿洲的气候、水文、地貌、资源等不同，聚落的空间建构也应不同。本题拟对该地域当代赖以生存的绿洲聚落，运用气候地理学、民族学、比较学和类型学的方法，多学科视角分析传统绿洲聚落的空间建构与环境适应性技术等历史经验，打破以往单一学科研究的方法，创新性地把气候、地理、资源特征作为研究课题主线。借助已有研究成果进一步调研发掘，总结传统绿洲聚落的空间建构理念、方式、方法和技术，总结其智慧与生态基因，梳理和归纳环境适应性技术，探讨其绩效原理和调适方法，探求适应干旱区绿洲聚落保护模式，进而理论升华并实际应用，以期为绿洲聚落生态安全提供借鉴与指导，为本土化城镇创新提供有益养分和科学依据。

The sustainable development of production, livelihood and space settlement of local people is affected greatly by such geographical conditions in southern Xinjiang as fragile ecology, underdeveloped economy, political sensitivity, arid climate and remote location, even the oasis ecological security is seriously affected. Thus it is imperative to explore space construction and environment adaptability technology in this typical region. Due to the differences between those different-sized oases around Tarim Basin in climate, hydrology, topography, resources and so on, the space construction of settlements should also be different. It is proposed to analyze the historical experience of traditional oasis settlement such as space construction and environmental adaptability technology in the region in multidisciplinary perspectives though use of climate geography, ethnology, comparative method and typology, so that the previous approach of single-subject research could be changed, and the climate, geography and resource characteristics will be taken as the main line of the research in an innovative way. The space construction concept, ways, methods and technology of traditional oasis settlements will be summarized by further research on the basis of existing research results. Besides, the wisdom and ecological genes will be summarized, environmental adaptability technology sorted through, the performance principle and adjustment methods discussed, oasis settlement protection mode adapting to arid areas explored, and then the theories improved and applied in order to provide reference and guidance for the ecological security of oasis settlement, and scientific basis for the local innovation of urban areas.