再生障碍性贫血（AA）是一组由多种病因导致骨髓造血功能衰竭为特征的难治性血液疾病。新近研究发现淫羊藿苷对AA通过抑制骨髓间充质干细胞成脂分化而改善骨髓造血功能作用，但其机制尚不清楚。我们前期研究发现AA骨髓间充质干细胞成脂分化能力强，淫羊藿苷可以有效激活CXCL12/CXCR4信号轴抑制骨髓MSC的脂肪分化。本课题故拟在已有实验基础上，拟用人骨髓间充质干细胞及小鼠免疫介导AA模型探索基于CXCL12/CXCR4信号轴淫羊藿苷通过miR-150-5p调控脂肪细胞因子改善骨髓造血微环境、促进造血从而有效治疗AA的研究，对阐明AA发生发展过程中的分子机制并提供新的研究靶点具有重要意义，为今后中医药临床的运用提供实验基础。

Aplastic anemia (AA) is a group of refractory blood diseases characterized by multiple causes of bone marrow hematopoietic failure. Recent studies have found that icariin improves the bone marrow hematopoietic function of AA by inhibiting the adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), but the mechanism is still unclear. Our previous study found that AA bone marrow MSC have strong adipogenic differentiation ability, and icariin can effectively activate CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling axis to inhibit the fat differentiation of bone marrow MSC. Based on the existing experiments, this study intends to use human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and mouse immune-mediated AA model to explore the improvement of bone marrow hematopoiesis by miR-150-5p regulation of adipocytokines based on CXCL12/CXCR4 signal axis icariin. The study of microenvironment and promoting hematopoiesis to effectively treat AA is of great significance for elucidating the molecular mechanism during the development of AA and providing new research targets, and provides an experimental basis for the clinical application of TCM in the future.