Cr的存在价态对熔渣基础物性及其渣金两相分配行为的影响机理

含Cr金属材料火法熔炼工艺过程中Cr的深度/快速还原、含Cr尾渣的无害化处理是亟需解决的两大问题，基础理论与数据不足严重限制了相关工艺技术进步。其中最关键的问题是Cr本为变价元素，不同价态的铬氧化物性质不同，然而其对熔渣物性、结构、及其渣金两相分配行为的潜在影响研究目前基本空白。本项目借助大量自主设计/研发的特色设备及先进的分析检测手段，首先重点围绕不同价态的Cr对熔渣熔点、粘度等基础物性及渣结构的潜在影响开展系列研究工作，旨在建立Cr的存在价态、熔渣结构、基础物性三者之间的内在关联；其次，深入研究渣金反应过程中，金属熔体对熔渣中Cr的存在价态的影响，以及不同Cr2+/Cr3+比对渣金两相分配行为的影响机理；最后，系统分析渣中含Cr矿相演变规律及调控机制。前两项内容为推动熔渣中Cr的深度/快速还原以及彻底有效的渣铁分离提供必要的基础数据，后面的工作为含Cr渣的无害化处理提供急需的理论支持。

During pyrometallurgy processes involving Cr-bearing materials, there are two big problems urgently needed to be solved: deeply reduction of Cr in molten slag and harmless treatment of Cr-bearing tailings. However, insufficient basic knowledge greatly limited the development of technologies. The most important thing is that varying oxides state of chromium coexisted in molten slag and they show different characteristics. While the data around the effects of chromium oxides state on molten slag properties, structure, and distribution behaviors of Cr between slag and metal phase were extremely limited. In this research, with the aids of test apparatus self-developed by our group along with advanced analysis methods, firstly the potential effects of chromium oxides state on viscosity, melting point, and structure of molten slag will be carried out. The purpose is to obtain the internal relationship between oxides state, structure, and basic properties of Cr-bearing slag. Further, the influencing mechanism of metal melt compositions on oxides state of chromium in slag will be studied, along with the effects of varying Cr2+/Cr3+ on distribution behaviors of Cr between slag and metal phase. Finally, the evolution mechanism of Cr-bearing mineralogy will be systematically discussed by using of in situ observe apparatus. The first two parts of work tend to provide necessary knowledge for deeply/rapidly reduction of Cr in slag together with the effective separation between slag and melt. And the last work could give fundamental support for harmless treatment of Cr-bearing tailings.