具有中空纳米结构的超交联微孔催化材料的构建及其高效催化性能研究

如何解决单位能耗高和污染环境严重是化学工业可持续发展的核心问题。通过有机多孔聚合物丰富多样的构建体系，创制低成本、新结构和高性能催化材料，成为解决该问题的有效方式。作为一类低成本的有机多孔聚合物，超交联微孔催化材料高效催化主要受限于自身微米级块体尺寸，增加了客体分子传质距离，降低了活性中心裸露度，而通过构建中空纳米结构可以有效解决这些问题。本项目拟以苯基功能化SiO2为模板，通过系统设计优化催化剂、外交联剂和温度等聚合反应速率影响因素，调控聚合反应速率促使构筑单体原位在SiO2纳米颗粒表面聚合，发展简单普适的具有中空纳米结构的超交联微孔催化材料构建新策略；设计发展形貌、尺寸和壳层厚度可调控的中空纳米结构；系统研究归纳中空纳米结构形貌、尺寸和壳层厚度分别对气固相催化体系和液固相催化体系催化效率影响的一般性规律；发展构筑低成本、高性能、具有中空纳米结构的超交联微孔催化材料。

How to solve the problems of high unit energy consumption and serious environmental pollution are the core of the sustainable development of chemical industry. It is an effective method to create low-cost catalytic materials with new structure and high performance by using abundant and diverse construction systems of porous organic polymers. As a kind of low-cost porous organic polymers, the high-efficiency performance of hypercrosslinked microporous catalytic materials is mainly limited by theirs micro-scale structure, which increases the mass transfer distance of guest molecules and decreases the exposure of catalytic active center. These problems can be effectively solved by the construction of hollow nanostructures. This project intends to systematically optimize the influencing factors of polymerization rate such as catalyst, diplomatic agent and temperature etc., and develop a simple, flexible and universal strategy for the construction of hypercrosslinked microporous catalytic materials with hollow nanostructures by controlling polymerization rate and promoting in-situ polymerization of monomers on the surface of SiO2 nanoparticles. We will also design hollow nanostructures with controllable morphology, size and thickness, and investigate and summarize the general effects rules between morphology, size and thickness of hollow nanostructures and the catalytic efficiency for gas-solid and liquid-solid heterogeneous catalytic systems respectively. We will develop and construct a kind of low-cost and simple hypercrosslinked microporous catalytic materials with high performance and hollow nanostructures.